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Natural Resource Management Strategies

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Ecosystem-based Management

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An integrated approach that considers the entire ecosystem, including humans, to achieve sustainable natural resource management.

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Collaborative Governance

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A governing arrangement where one or more public agencies engage non-state stakeholders in a collective decision-making process that is formal, consensus-oriented, and deliberative.

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Natural Capital Accounting

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A method for calculating the total stocks and flows of natural resources and services in a given ecosystem or region.

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Market-based Instruments

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Economic tools and incentives used to encourage positive environmental practices or to provide disincentives for negative environmental impacts.

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Community-based Management

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A participatory approach involving the local community in managing and protecting natural resources.

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Mitigation Banking

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A system that allows the restoration, creation, enhancement, or preservation of ecosystems to compensate for unavoidable impacts to similar nearby ecosystems.

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Sustainable Yield Management

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Managing the exploitation of resources to ensure that they are not depleted and can be maintained over the long term.

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Conservation Easements

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A legal agreement that permanently limits uses of the land in order to protect its conservation values.

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Polluter Pays Principle

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The principle where the polluting party bears the expenses of the environmental impact mitigation to prevent and control pollution.

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Carbon Pricing

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A method for reducing global warming emissions by giving them a price that businesses and consumers then have to pay.

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Zoning and Spatial Planning

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The division of an area into zones to specify the allowable uses for real estate and land, which can include environmental conservations.

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Land Trusts

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Private nonprofit organizations that actively work to conserve land by undertaking or assisting in land or conservation easement acquisitions, or by their stewardship of such land or easements.

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Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM)

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A process that promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land, and related resources to maximize economic and social welfare without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems.

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Bioregional Management

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An approach to natural resource management that aligns with the natural boundaries of a biological region rather than political boundaries.

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Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

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The procedure that ensures that the environmental implications of decisions are taken into account before the decisions are made.

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Adaptive Management

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A systematic process for continually improving management policies and practices by learning from the outcomes of operational programs.

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Command and Control Strategies

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Regulatory approaches where the government sets standards or limits and enforces compliance with these regulations.

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Corporate Environmental Responsibility

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A business strategy that includes practices which promote environmental sustainability and reduce environmental impacts.

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Precautionary Principle

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A strategy to cope with possible risks where scientific understanding is yet incomplete, emphasizing caution and preventive action in the face of uncertainty.

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Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES)

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A market-based approach where the beneficiaries of ecosystem services compensate those who bear the cost of providing them.

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