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Animal Migration Patterns
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Osprey
Migration Routes: North America and Europe to South America and Africa, Reasons for Migration: To find overwintering locations with fish, Times of the Year: Late summer to fall
Wildebeest
Migration Routes: Serengeti to Maasai Mara, Reasons for Migration: Following the rainfall for fresh grass, Times of the Year: Continuous cycle with peaks between July and October
American Bison
Migration Routes: Great Plains migration routes, Reasons for Migration: Grazing on seasonal grasses, Times of the Year: Spring and fall
Peregrine Falcon
Migration Routes: From tundra to tropics and various routes, Reasons for Migration: to find prey and avoid harsh winter, Times of the Year: Autumn
Blue Whale
Migration Routes: Polar feeding grounds to tropical breeding grounds, Reasons for Migration: To breed and give birth, Times of the Year: Winter to early spring for breeding, summer for feeding
Leatherback Sea Turtle
Migration Routes: Widely in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, Reasons for Migration: Nesting and Jellyfish feeding, Times of the Year: Varies by ocean and latitude
Monarch Butterfly
Migration Routes: North America to Central Mexico, Reasons for Migration: To escape cold weather, Times of the Year: Fall
Arctic Tern
Migration Routes: Arctic to Antarctic, Reasons for Migration: To find continuous daylight for feeding, Times of the Year: Summer in each hemisphere
Swainson's Hawk
Migration Routes: North America to South America, Reasons for Migration: To escape cold weather, Times of the Year: Fall to spring
Humpback Whale
Migration Routes: Polar regions to tropical/subtropical waters, Reasons for Migration: Breeding and calving, Times of the Year: Winter
Caribou (Reindeer)
Migration Routes: Between tundra and taiga, Reasons for Migration: Seeking seasonal grazing grounds, Times of the Year: Spring and fall
Gray Whale
Migration Routes: From Arctic to Baja California, Mexico, Reasons for Migration: Calving and to avoid ice in the Arctic, Times of the Year: Winter to Spring
Indiana Bat
Migration Routes: Upper Midwest to caves in the southern Midwest, Reasons for Migration: To hibernate in stable environments, Times of the Year: Late fall
Blackpoll Warbler
Migration Routes: North America to South America, Reasons for Migration: To find a suitable overwintering habitat, Times of the Year: Fall
African Elephant
Migration Routes: Sub-Saharan Africa with varied routes, Reasons for Migration: Searching for food and water, Times of the Year: Seasonal, typically during dry seasons
Red Knot
Migration Routes: Arctic breeding grounds to Southern Hemisphere, Reasons for Migration: To find temperate climates during winter and rich food sources, Times of the Year: Autumn for southward, Spring for northward
Loggerhead Sea Turtle
Migration Routes: Nesting beaches to feeding grounds throughout temperate and tropical regions of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, Reasons for Migration: Nesting and following food supply, Times of the Year: Nesting typically occurs from late spring to early summer
Salmon
Migration Routes: From ocean to natal freshwater rivers, Reasons for Migration: To spawn, Times of the Year: Varies, depending on species and population
White Stork
Migration Routes: Europe to Sub-Saharan Africa, Reasons for Migration: To find warmer climates and consistent food supply, Times of the Year: Autumn for southward, Spring for northward
Ruby-throated Hummingbird
Migration Routes: North America to Central America, Reasons for Migration: To find warmer climates and food, Times of the Year: Autumn
Barn Swallow
Migration Routes: North America and Europe to South America and Sub-Saharan Africa, Reasons for Migration: To escape the cold and find insects to eat, Times of the Year: Autumn
Northern Wheatear
Migration Routes: Artic and sub-Artic regions to Sub-Saharan Africa, Reasons for Migration: To spend the winter in a milder climate with available food, Times of the Year: Late summer to early fall
Greater Flamingo
Migration Routes: Africa, Middle East to northwest India, Reasons for Migration: Seeking warmer climates and water sources, Times of the Year: Before winter
Hoary Bat
Migration Routes: From northern US/Canada to southern US/Mexico, Reasons for Migration: To find warmer climates during winter, Times of the Year: Autumn
Common Crane
Migration Routes: Northern Europe/Asia to North Africa and South Asia, Reasons for Migration: To find warmer climates during winter, Times of the Year: Autumn and Spring
Sooty Shearwater
Migration Routes: Southern Hemisphere to Northern Hemisphere, Reasons for Migration: To feed in rich northern waters and escape southern winter, Times of the Year: Spring
Sandhill Crane
Migration Routes: Between northern US/Canada and southwestern US/Mexico, Reasons for Migration: To find suitable overwintering sites, Times of the Year: Fall and Spring
Pacific Golden Plover
Migration Routes: Breeding in Alaska and Siberia to spending winter in Oceania and South America, Reasons for Migration: To find warmer climates during winter, Times of the Year: Late summer to fall
European Robin
Migration Routes: Northern Europe to Mediterranean and Africa, Reasons for Migration: To find milder climates and more food, Times of the Year: Autumn
Chinook Salmon
Migration Routes: Oceanic feeding areas to natal freshwater rivers, Reasons for Migration: To spawn and reproduce, Times of the Year: Late summer to fall for most populations
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