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World Biomes
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Arctic and Antarctic
Characteristics: Ice-covered, extreme cold, limited vegetation. Climate: Polar with long, dark winters. Typical flora and fauna: Ice algae, penguins, polar bears (Arctic only).
Temperate Grassland
Characteristics: Dominated by grasses, few trees, fertile soil. Climate: Continental with cold winters and warm summers. Typical flora and fauna: Prairie grass, bison, prairie dogs.
Montane Forest
Characteristics: Located on mountains, varying vegetation zones, cooler temperatures with increasing elevation. Climate: Varies with altitude. Typical flora and fauna: Pines, mountain goats, eagles.
Desert
Characteristics: Sparse vegetation, extreme temperatures, low humidity. Climate: Hot or cold with very little precipitation. Typical flora and fauna: Cacti, creosote bush, camels, scorpions.
Taiga (Boreal Forest)
Characteristics: Conical-shaped evergreen trees, acidic and nutrient-poor soil. Climate: Long, cold winters and short, mild summers. Typical flora and fauna: Spruce, fir, moose, bears.
Mangrove Forest
Characteristics: Trees adapted to salt water, intertidal zones, dense roots. Climate: Tropical and subtropical with high humidity. Typical flora and fauna: Mangrove trees, crabs, waterfowl.
Tropical Rainforest
Characteristics: High biodiversity, evergreen trees, dense canopy. Climate: Hot and wet year-round. Typical flora and fauna: Orchids, bromeliads, jaguars, sloths.
Temperate Rainforest
Characteristics: Tall evergreen trees, high precipitation, cool temperatures. Climate: High rainfall with cool temperatures year-round. Typical flora and fauna: Douglas fir, banana slug, owls.
Tundra
Characteristics: Treeless plains, permafrost, low biodiversity. Climate: Very cold with brief summers. Typical flora and fauna: Lichens, mosses, caribou, arctic foxes.
Chaparral
Characteristics: Shrubland with dense, spiny shrubs, fire-adapted vegetation. Climate: Mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers. Typical flora and fauna: Manzanita, coyotes, quails.
Freshwater
Characteristics: Low salt concentration, variable water flow, supports diverse life. Climate: Varies widely. Typical flora and fauna: Algae, water lilies, trout, frogs.
Wetland
Characteristics: Saturated soil, standing water, diverse species. Climate: Varies widely. Typical flora and fauna: Cattails, beavers, herons.
Savanna
Characteristics: Grasslands with scattered trees, seasonal droughts and fires. Climate: Warm with distinct wet and dry seasons. Typical flora and fauna: Acacia trees, baobabs, elephants, lions.
Coral Reef
Characteristics: Biodiverse marine ecosystems, calcium carbonate structures, clear shallow water. Climate: Tropical, warm water. Typical flora and fauna: Corals, clownfish, sea turtles.
Deciduous Forest
Characteristics: Broadleaf trees that lose their leaves seasonally, multiple forest layers. Climate: Moderate with four distinct seasons. Typical flora and fauna: Oak, birch, deer, foxes.
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