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Ecosystem Services Provided by Wildlife

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Spiritual Enrichment

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Natural landscapes, biodiversity - These provide spaces for spiritual connections and cultural traditions linked to nature.

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Waste Decomposition

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Bacteria, fungi - These decomposers break down waste material, keeping ecosystems clean and recycling nutrients.

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Scientific Research

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Biodiverse ecosystems - They provide opportunities for scientific discovery and understanding of ecological processes.

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Photosynthesis

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Plants, algae - They convert solar energy into chemical energy, producing oxygen that is essential for animal life.

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Pollution Buffering

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Mangroves, saltmarshes - These coastal ecosystems absorb and filter pollutants, protecting inland areas from contaminated runoff.

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Erosion Prevention

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Root systems of plants - The roots stabilize the soil, reducing erosion and preventing loss of fertile land.

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Noise Reduction

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Urban green spaces, trees - These areas absorb sound, leading to quieter and more peaceful urban environments.

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Soil Aeration

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Earthworms, beetles - They tunnel through the soil, allowing air to reach plant roots and promoting healthier soils and plant growth.

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Water Purification

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Wetland plants, mussels - Through their natural processes, they filter out impurities, improving water quality for all organisms.

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Climate Regulation

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Forests, plankton, mangroves - These ecosystems store huge amounts of carbon and help in maintaining global and local climate conditions.

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Natural Beauty

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Scenic landscapes, diverse wildlife - These contribute to human well-being by providing inspiration and places for relaxation and reflection.

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Soil Formation

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Lichens, mosses - These organisms contribute to the breakdown of rock into soil, facilitating new plant growth.

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Genetic Resources

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Endemic species, unique ecosystems - These resources are valuable for research and can lead to agricultural and medicinal advancements.

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Pollination

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Bees, butterflies, bats - They help in the reproduction of plants leading to fruit and seed production which is essential for food crops.

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Soil Fertility

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Beetles, worms, microorganisms - These animals and microbes break down organic matter and enhance soil structure, thus improving fertility for plant life.

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Nutrient Cycling

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Decomposers like fungi and bacteria - They break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil, which supports plant growth.

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Carbon Storage

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Forests, phytoplankton - These organisms capture carbon dioxide, helping to regulate atmospheric CO2 levels and mitigate climate change.

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Food Provision

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Marine ecosystems, pollinators - They provide a vast amount of the world's dietary needs, from fish to fruits and vegetables.

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Biological Control

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Ladybugs, birds - These predators control invasive species populations, preserving native ecosystem balance.

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Cultural Heritage Preservation

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Indigenous species, traditional landscapes - These are integral to cultural identity and teach us about historical land uses and practices.

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Flood Control

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Beavers, wetland vegetation - By building dams and maintaining wetlands, they absorb floodwaters and reduce the severity of floods.

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Genetic Diversity Maintenance

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Wild animal populations - By maintaining diverse populations, resilience against diseases and environmental changes is ensured.

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Seed Dispersal

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Birds, ants, mammals - These animals help in spreading the seeds of plants, thus aiding in plant propagation and the spreading of vegetation.

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Air Quality Improvement

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Trees, phytoplankton - Through photosynthesis and other processes, they remove pollutants from the air, improving overall air quality.

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Recreational Services

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Lakes, forests - These natural areas are used for sports, tourism, and outdoor activities that support human health and the economy.

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Pest Control

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Birds, spiders, bats - Natural predators reduce the population of pests, thus minimizing crop damage and reducing the need for chemical pesticides.

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Cultural Services

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National parks, marine ecosystems - These areas provide aesthetic and spiritual enrichment and are the basis for ecotourism.

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Medicinal Resources

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Rainforests, marine animals - Many organisms are sources of medicinal compounds that have led to the development of drugs.

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Habitat Creation

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Coral reefs, beavers - They build structures that provide necessary habitats for numerous other species, increasing biodiversity.

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Education and Awareness

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Ecosystem diversity, wildlife encounters - These inspire learning and the promotion of conservation efforts.

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