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Public Relations Theories
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Agenda-Setting Theory
Agenda-Setting Theory posits that media can influence what subjects are perceived as important by the public. In Fashion PR, this helps to determine which trends, designers, or topics get spotlighted in media platforms.
Framing Theory
Framing Theory suggests that how information is presented to the audience (aka 'the frame') influences the choices people make. Fashion PR utilizes this by framing narratives around collections, fashion icons, or brand images to guide consumer perceptions.
Two-Step Flow Theory
This theory describes a communication process where media effects are indirectly experienced through opinion leaders. Fashion PR often targets influencers to reach and persuade their audiences.
Diffusion of Innovation Theory
The Diffusion of Innovation Theory explains how, why, and at what rate new ideas spread. In Fashion PR, strategies include creating buzz around a new trend or style, aiming for early adopters to influence others.
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
ELM explains how people can be persuaded through two routes: central (direct) and peripheral (indirect). In Fashion PR, messages can be crafted to appeal to consumers' rational evaluations or heuristic cues like celebrity endorsements.
Situational Theory of Publics
This theory distinguishes among publics based on their levels of problem recognition, constraint recognition, and level of involvement. Fashion PR can use this to target specific groups with tailored messages.
Image Repair Theory
Image Repair Theory is about how an organization can repair its image post-crisis. In Fashion PR, this might involve addressing fashion faux pas or negative publicity with corrective action and communication.
Spiral of Silence Theory
This theory states that individuals with minority opinions might refrain from speaking out due to fear of isolation. Fashion PR campaigns can work to amplify niche trends or marginalized voices to break the spiral and encourage diversity.
Symbolic Interactionism
Symbolic Interactionism revolves around the creation of societal symbols and meanings. Fashion PR leverages this by shaping brand symbols and story-telling that resonates with the consumer's sense of self and community.
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
This psychological theory highlights the discomfort of holding conflicting cognitions. In Fashion PR, marketing messages are designed to reduce dissonance between a consumer's beliefs and actions, potentially encouraging a change in behavior or attitude.
Uses and Gratifications Theory
This explains how someone actively seeks out media to satisfy specific needs. Fashion PR uses this to create content that satisfies consumers' various needs such as information, entertainment, or personal identity.
Cultivation Theory
Cultivation Theory examines the long-term effects of media. The more someone is exposed to media content, the more likely they are to believe the social reality portrayed. Fashion PR can cultivate a certain image or lifestyle associated with a brand over time.
Selective Exposure Theory
Selective Exposure Theory suggests that individuals choose media and messages that align with their beliefs. Fashion PR can curate messages to resonate with targeted demographics' predispositions or values.
Excellence Theory
Excellence Theory proposes principles for effective organizational communication. Applied to Fashion PR, it focuses on establishing two-way symmetrical communication to foster mutually beneficial relationships with stakeholders.
Social Exchange Theory
This theory posits that social behavior is the result of an exchange process to maximize benefits and minimize costs. In Fashion PR, interactions are designed to offer value to the public, elevating the brand's perceived benefits.
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