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The waviness or three-dimensional configuration of a fiber, contributing to its elasticity and bulk.

The number of turns per unit length along a yarn or fiber, affecting the strength, texture, and appearance of the yarn and resulting fabric.

A numerical expression that indicates the fineness or coarseness of a yarn, which can be measured in various systems, such as Ne (English count) or Nm (metric count).

The resistance of a textile's color to fading or running, influenced by exposure to light, perspiration, washing, and other environmental factors.

A term used to describe the way a fabric hangs and conforms to the contours of the body or an object.

A measure of the diameter of individual fibers, affecting the softness and quality of the textile.

The feel or quality perceived when a fabric is touched, influenced by fiber content, construction, and finishing processes.

Textiles made by bonding or felting fibers together without weaving or knitting, often resulting in a fabric with a random fiber orientation.

The ability of a fabric to allow perspiration and air to pass through it, contributing to thermal comfort.

The height and fluffiness of a fiber or fabric, which contributes to its insulating properties by trapping air.

The capacity of a fiber or textile to decompose naturally by biological means, being an aspect of environmental sustainability.

A long continuous fiber that can be spun into yarn or directly used in the making of fabrics, as seen in silk and synthetic fibers like polyester.

Fibers that have a strong affinity for water, which makes them absorbent but also prone to prolonged drying times.

Fibers that repel water and are not easily wetted, often leading to quick drying properties.

The ability of a textile to resist or inhibit the growth of microorganisms, often through chemical treatment or the intrinsic properties of the fibers.

The amount of moisture a textile can absorb from the air under standard conditions, expressed as a percentage of the dry fiber weight.

A metric measurement of the weight of a fabric, which is the grams of fabric per one square meter area, denoting its density and thickness.

The process of interlocking wool fibers into a dense material by the application of heat, moisture, and mechanical action.

The reduction in size of a textile product after laundering or dry-cleaning, often caused by fiber relaxation or structural changes.

The maximum stress that a textile fiber can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking.

The formation of small, fuzzy balls on the surface of a fabric caused by abrasion during wear or washing.

Warp are the longitudinal threads attached to the frame of a loom, and weft are the cross threads weaved into the warp.

A measure of a textile's ability to conduct heat.

A unit of measurement that describes the linear mass density of fibers, specifically the mass in grams per 9000 meters of the fiber.

The ability of a textile to withstand surface wear from rubbing.

The degree to which a textile fiber can be stretched or extended before breaking, typically expressed as a percentage of its original length.

Short lengths of fibers, either natural or cut from manufactured filaments, which must be spun together to make yarn.

The ability of a fabric to transport moisture away from the body to the fabric's outer surface where it can evaporate.