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American History by Decades: 1980s

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Ronald Reagan

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40th U.S. President who served from 1981 to 1989 known for his economic policies known as 'Reaganomics' and for his role in ending the Cold War.

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The Challenger Disaster

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The Space Shuttle Challenger broke apart 73 seconds into its flight on January 28, 1986, leading to the deaths of all seven crew members.

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Fall of the Berlin Wall

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The Berlin Wall, a symbol of the Cold War divide, was effectively demolished by citizens on November 9, 1989, signifying the beginning of the end of Communist rule in Eastern Europe.

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AIDS Epidemic

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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was first recognized in 1981, and it became a major public health crisis in the 1980s, particularly within the LGBT communities.

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Iran-Contra Affair

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A political scandal that came to light in 1986 involving the secret sale of arms to Iran to fund Contra rebels in Nicaragua, which had been specifically prohibited by Congress.

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Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981

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Legislation signed by President Reagan to stimulate economic growth through massive tax cuts, which contributed to the deficit but also sparked an economic boom.

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Black Monday

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On October 19, 1987, the stock markets crashed, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average plummeting 22.6%, marking the largest one-day percentage decline in stock market history.

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Sandra Day O'Connor

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Appointed in 1981 by President Reagan, she became the first female Supreme Court Justice, serving until her retirement in 2006.

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MTV

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Music Television channel that was launched on August 1, 1981, it revolutionized the music industry and became an iconic symbol of the 1980s culture.

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Strategic Defense Initiative

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Proposed by President Reagan in 1983, this ambitious project aimed at creating a space-based missile defense system was dubbed 'Star Wars' by its critics.

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