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1862, Provided free land in the American Great Plains to any person willing to build a dwelling and cultivate the land for at least 5 years.

1887, Authorized the President of the United States to survey Native American tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Native Americans.

1890, Outlawed monopolistic business practices, and was the first Federal act that outlawed monopolistic practices.

1913, Established the Federal Reserve System as the central bank of the United States to provide the nation with a safer, more flexible, and more stable monetary and financial system.

1935, Created a system of old-age benefits for workers, benefits for victims of industrial accidents, unemployment insurance, aid for dependent mothers and children, the blind, and the physically handicapped.

1964, Outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, and ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace and by facilities that served the general public.

1965, Aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote as guaranteed under the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

2001, Extended law enforcement's surveillance and investigative powers following the September 11 terrorist attacks in the United States.

1990, Prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public.

2010, Also known as 'Obamacare', it aimed to lower the cost of health care for Americans by providing more citizens with access to affordable health insurance, improving the quality of health care and health insurance, and reducing the costs of healthcare for individuals and the government.

1970, A comprehensive federal law that regulates air emissions from stationary and mobile sources and authorized the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect public health and the environment.

2002, Enacted in response to a series of high-profile financial scandals to protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures made pursuant to the securities laws.

1935, Also known as the National Labor Relations Act, it established the rights of employees to engage in collective bargaining and to form and join labor unions.

1944, Officially known as the Servicemen's Readjustment Act, it provided a range of benefits for returning World War II veterans including low-cost mortgages, low-interest loans to start a business, cash payments of tuition and living expenses to attend university, high school, or vocational education, as well as one year of unemployment compensation.

1917, Enacted during World War I to prohibit interference with military operations or recruitment, to prevent insubordination in the military, and to prevent the support of U.S. enemies during wartime.

1933, Officially the Banking Act of 1933, it established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and included banking reforms designed to control speculation.

1973, Provides for the conservation of species that are endangered or threatened throughout all or a significant portion of their range, and the conservation of the ecosystems on which they depend.

1947, Officially known as the Labor-Management Relations Act, it restricts the activities and power of labor unions.

1883, Established that positions within the federal government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of political affiliation.

1906, A response to Upton Sinclair's novel 'The Jungle', the act mandated sanitary standards and federal inspectors in meatpacking plants.

1906, For preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or poisonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and liquors, and for regulating traffic therein and for other purposes.

1970, Requires federal agencies to assess environmental effects of their proposed actions prior to making decisions.

2010, Commonly known as the Affordable Care Act and also known as 'Obamacare', it represents a significant regulatory overhaul of the U.S. healthcare system.

1918, Implementing the convention for the protection of migratory birds between the United States and Great Britain (acting on behalf of Canada).

2015, Enacted after the expiration of key parts of the Patriot Act, to restore and reform certain provisions of that Act.

1976, The primary law governing marine fisheries management in the United States federal waters.

2000, A federal law that deregulated over-the-counter derivatives and made it significantly easier for banks to participate in the commodities markets.

1938, Introduced the 40-hour work week, established a national minimum wage, guaranteed time-and-a-half for overtime in certain jobs, and prohibited most employment of minors in oppressive child labor, among other worker protections.