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Historic American Documents

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The Declaration of Independence

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Year: 1776. Importance: Declared the thirteen American colonies at war with Britain to be independent sovereign states.

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The United States Constitution

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Year: 1787. Importance: Established America’s national government, fundamental laws, and guaranteed certain basic rights for its citizens.

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The Bill of Rights

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Year: 1791. Importance: The first ten amendments to the Constitution, detailing fundamental civil rights and protections.

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The Federalist Papers

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Year: 1787-1788. Importance: A series of essays urging the ratification of the United States Constitution.

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The Emancipation Proclamation

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Year: 1863. Importance: Declared that all slaves in the Confederate states were to be set free.

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The Gettysburg Address

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Year: 1863. Importance: A speech by Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War, emphasizing the principles of human equality.

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Common Sense

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Year: 1776. Importance: A pamphlet by Thomas Paine advocating independence from Great Britain to the Thirteen Colonies.

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The Articles of Confederation

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Year: 1781. Importance: America’s first written constitution; served as the basis for America’s national government until 1789.

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The Monroe Doctrine

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Year: 1823. Importance: Asserted that the Western Hemisphere was not to be further colonized by European countries.

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The Missouri Compromise

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Year: 1820. Importance: An agreement passed by Congress to balance the number of slave states and free states.

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The Homestead Act

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Year: 1862. Importance: Provided settlers with 160 acres of public land free of charge, except for a small registration fee.

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The 19th Amendment

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Year: 1920. Importance: Granted American women the right to vote, a landmark victory in the women's suffrage movement.

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The Civil Rights Act of 1964

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Year: 1964. Importance: Landmark civil rights and labor law that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

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The Louisiana Purchase Treaty

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Year: 1803. Importance: Doubled the size of the United States and opened up the continent to westward expansion.

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The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

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Year: 1848. Importance: Ended the Mexican-American War and granted the U.S. significant territorial gains in the Southwest.

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The Marshall Plan

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Year: 1948. Importance: An American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the U.S. gave over 12billionineconomicassistancetohelprebuildpostWorldWarIIEuropeaneconomies.12 billion in economic assistance to help rebuild post-World War II European economies.

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The Social Security Act

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Year: 1935. Importance: Created a system of old-age benefits for workers, benefits for victims of industrial accidents, unemployment insurance, aid for dependent mothers and children, the blind, and the physically handicapped.

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The Alien and Sedition Acts

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Year: 1798. Importance: Four laws passed by the Federalist-controlled Congress which made it harder for immigrants to become citizens and allowed the president to detain and deport non-citizens deemed dangerous.

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The Clayton Antitrust Act

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Year: 1914. Importance: Provided further clarification and substance to the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 on topics such as price discrimination, price fixing, and unfair business practices.

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The Dawes Act

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Year: 1887. Importance: Authorized the President of the United States to subdivide Native American tribal landholdings into allotments for individual Native Americans.

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