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Milestones in American Labor History

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The National Labor Union (NLU) Founding

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Year: 1866, Impact: First national labor federation in the U.S., aimed to unify workers to press for labor reforms.

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Great Railroad Strike

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Year: 1877, Impact: First major interstate strike, led to widespread recognition of workers' grievances and the need for labor reform.

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Haymarket Affair

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Year: 1886, Impact: A peaceful rally turned violent, led to a national and international emphasis on workers' rights and May Day as International Workers' Day.

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Homestead Strike

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Year: 1892, Impact: A pivotal steelworkers' strike that led to a significant decline in unionization in the steel industry for years.

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Pullman Strike

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Year: 1894, Impact: Nationwide railroad strike that seriously disrupted rail traffic and led to the establishment of Labor Day as a national holiday.

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Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

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Year: 1911, Impact: Led to a greater public awareness of industrial working conditions and resulted in significant workplace safety reforms.

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The National War Labor Board (NWLB) Creation

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Year: 1918, Impact: Resolved labor disputes and maintained labor peace during World War I, laying the groundwork for later labor regulations.

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The Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act)

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Year: 1935, Impact: Strengthened the power of labor unions and workers, ensuring the right to collective bargaining.

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The Fair Labor Standards Act

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Year: 1938, Impact: Established a national minimum wage, overtime pay, and child labor laws, significantly improving labor standards.

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Taft-Hartley Act

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Year: 1947, Impact: Amended the Wagner Act, imposed certain restrictions on labor unions and protected the rights of individual union members.

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The Landrum-Griffin Act

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Year: 1959, Impact: Aimed to eliminate corruption in labor unions and to regulate internal union affairs, further protecting worker rights and union democracy.

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Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)

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Year: 1970, Impact: Established workplace safety standards and regulations, leading to significant improvements in worker health and safety.

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Coal Strike of 1978

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Year: 1978, Impact: The successful strike led by the United Mine Workers of America improved wages, pensions, and healthcare benefits for miners.

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Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)

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Year: 1993, Impact: Requires covered employers to provide unpaid, job-protected leave for certain family and medical reasons, enhancing labor rights related to work-life balance.

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Employee Free Choice Act (EFCA)

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Year: Proposed in 2009, Impact: Sought to make it easier for workers to join labor unions and bargain collectively, though it was not enacted.

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Fight for 15Movement15 Movement

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Year: Began in 2012, Impact: An ongoing advocacy campaign seeking to raise the minimum wage to 15perhour,gainedtractioninseveralstatesandmunicipalities.15 per hour, gained traction in several states and municipalities.

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Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act

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Year: 2010, Impact: Introduced financial regulations that, among other things, aimed to prevent excessive risk-taking by banks which indirectly impact labor by promoting economic stability.

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American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)

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Year: 2009, Impact: Aimed to stimulate the economy during the Great Recession and saved and created jobs, indirectly affecting labor rights by preserving employment.

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Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

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Year: 2010, Impact: Improved access to health insurance for American workers, affecting labor rights by providing health care security.

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Executive Order 13658

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Year: 2014, Impact: Raised the minimum wage to 10.10perhourforworkersonfederalserviceandconstructioncontracts,improvinglaborstandardsforthoseworkers.10.10 per hour for workers on federal service and construction contracts, improving labor standards for those workers.

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