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Historic Cities and Their Founding

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Athens

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Founded in the 1st millennium BC, it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization.

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Alexandria

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Founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC, it was an important center of Hellenistic civilization.

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Jerusalem

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Founded around 3000 BC, a key religious center for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

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Rome

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Founded in 753 BC as the center of the Roman Empire.

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Constantinople

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Founded in 330 AD, it was the capital of the Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires.

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Beijing

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Founded 1045 BC; became the capital of the Ming Dynasty in 1420, it is the political center of China.

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Baghdad

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Founded in 762 AD by the Abbasids; was a leading center during the Islamic Golden Age.

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Paris

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Founded in the 3rd century BC by a Celtic people known as the Parisii, it became an important center of commerce and culture.

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Cairo

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Founded in 969 AD, it has been the center of the Arab world and Islamic civilization.

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Tenochtitlan

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Founded in 1325 AD; the Aztec capital city is now Mexico City.

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Cuzco

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Founded in the 12th century AD, was the historic capital of the Inca Empire.

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Mexico City

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Founded in 1325 AD as Tenochtitlan; became the capital of the Spanish colony and then of Mexico.

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Sydney

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Founded in 1788 as the first British colony in Australia, it has become one of Australia's most famous cities.

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New York City

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Founded as New Amsterdam by the Dutch in 1624, it became a melting pot of cultures and an economic powerhouse.

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Tokyo

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Initially a small fishing village called Edo, became the de facto capital in 1603 and the official capital in 1868.

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St. Petersburg

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Founded by Tsar Peter the Great in 1703 as Russia's 'window to the West.'

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Los Angeles

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Founded in 1781; today it is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California.

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London

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Founded by the Romans in 43 AD as Londinium, it has pivotal roles in the English monarchy and the British Empire.

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Delhi

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Founded in the 6th century BC, it has been a capital of various empires and is now the capital of India.

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Moscow

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Founded in 1147 AD, it has been the political, economic, and cultural center of Russia.

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