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Parties involved: Allied Powers and Germany; Ramifications: Ended WWI, imposing heavy reparations on Germany and redrawing European borders

Parties involved: Great Britain, France, Spain, and Portugal; Ramifications: Ended the Seven Years' War, led to extensive territorial changes in North America, the Caribbean, and India

Parties involved: Qing dynasty China and the British Empire; Ramifications: Marked the end of the First Opium War, ceded Hong Kong to Britain, and opened various Chinese ports to British trade

Parties involved: Charles V and the Schmalkaldic League; Ramifications: Recognized Lutheranism as a legal religion within the Holy Roman Empire, the principle of 'cuius regio, eius religio' allowed rulers to choose the religion of their own state

Parties involved: United States and United Kingdom; Ramifications: Ended the War of 1812, restored the status quo ante bellum (state existing before the war)

Parties involved: Spain and Portugal; Ramifications: Divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the Portuguese Empire and the Crown of Castile

Parties involved: Turkey and the Allied Powers; Ramifications: Finalized the boundaries of modern Turkey, revoking the Treaty of Sevres and ending the conflict between the Allied Powers and the Ottoman Empire after World War I

Parties involved: France, Spain, Holy Roman Empire, Dutch Republic, and others; Ramifications: Ended the Franco-Dutch War, France gained territories along its borders, and several North European states gained independence from Spanish and Imperial control

Parties involved: Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and West Germany; Ramifications: Establishes the European Economic Community (EEC), paving the way for the European Union

Parties involved: Japan and Russia; Ramifications: Ended the Russo-Japanese War, recognized Japan's interests in Korea and ceded Port Arthur to Japan

Parties involved: France, England, Spain, and the Holy Roman Empire; Ramifications: Ended the Nine Years' War, resulted in the status quo ante bellum, fortifications were destroyed, and the Black Forest was demilitarized

Parties involved: Egypt and Israel; Ramifications: Led to the Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty, a framework for peace in the Middle East, and the withdrawal of Israeli troops from Sinai

Parties involved: China and Japan; Ramifications: Ended the First Sino-Japanese War, recognized Korea's independence, and ceded Taiwan to Japan

Parties involved: The Allies and Ottoman Empire; Ramifications: Partitioned the Ottoman Empire after World War I, ultimately led to the Turkish War of Independence and the Treaty of Lausanne

Parties involved: United States and Mexico; Ramifications: Ended the Mexican-American War, Mexico ceded territories including present-day California, Nevada, and Utah to the U.S.

Parties involved: Multiple European states; Ramifications: Ended the War of Spanish Succession, rearranged European balance of power

Parties involved: Various European states; Ramifications: Ended the Thirty Years' War, granted sovereignty to states of the Holy Roman Empire, and established modern concepts of statehood

Parties involved: Bolshevik Russia and the Central Powers; Ramifications: Marked Russia's exit from WWI, resulted in significant territorial losses for Russia

Parties involved: Ottoman Empire and the Holy League; Ramifications: Ended the War of the Holy League, marked the decline of Ottoman expansion into Europe