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Religious Sects and Denominations
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Sunni Islam
Follow the Sunnah, or traditions, of the Prophet Muhammad; make up the majority of the Muslim population.
Shia Islam
Believe in the Imamate, the leadership of Imams descended from Prophet Muhammad; commemorate Ashura, the martyrdom of Hussein ibn Ali.
Sufism
Emphasize mysticism and direct personal experience of God through rituals and personal asceticism
Roman Catholicism
Accept the Pope as the leader of the Church; believe in the sacrament of Eucharist as literal body and blood of Christ.
Eastern Orthodoxy
Emphasize the continuation of holy tradition through the seven ecumenical councils; do not accept the Pope's universal jurisdiction.
Protestantism
Adhere to principles of Sola Scriptura and the priesthood of all believers; reject papal authority.
Anglicanism
Maintains a via media, or middle way, between Roman Catholicism and Reformed Christianity; recognizes the Archbishop of Canterbury.
Lutheranism
Founded on Martin Luther’s teachings; justification by faith alone and the authority of Scripture alone.
Calvinism
Based on the teachings of John Calvin; known for doctrines of predestination and the sovereignty of God.
Methodism
Stresses the importance of personal holiness and social justice; established by John Wesley.
Pentecostalism
Emphasizes direct personal experience with God through baptism with the Holy Spirit, speaking in tongues, and supernatural gifts.
Jehovah's Witnesses
Reject the Trinity doctrine; believe in an imminent Armageddon and that only 144,000 go to heaven.
Mormonism
Believe in the Book of Mormon as Scripture; practice baptism for the dead; focus on family unit and post-mortal existence.
Seventh-day Adventism
Observe the Sabbath on Saturday; follow the dietary laws in Leviticus; believe in the imminent return of Jesus Christ.
Baptists
Practice believers' baptism by immersion; emphasize religious freedom and local church autonomy.
Quakers
Focus on the 'Inner Light' of Christ in every person; known for pacifism and egalitarian meetings without clergy.
Anabaptism
Believe in adult baptism; committed to the separation of church and state; generally pacifist.
Unitarianism
Reject the doctrine of the Trinity; emphasize the oneness of God and the moral teachings of Jesus.
Sikhism
Monotheistic faith established by Guru Nanak and nine successive gurus; teaches the equality of all humanity and service to others.
Hasidism
A mystical branch of Orthodox Judaism; emphasizes piety as well as joy in the worship of God.
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