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Proposed by Charles Babbage, it was the first conception of a general-purpose computer. This design laid the groundwork for the computers we use today.

Alan Turing proposed a theoretical device that could simulate the logic of any computer algorithm, fundamental for computer science theory.

First electronic digital programmable computer, designed to break the German Lorenz cipher during World War II.

John von Neumann's design principle for a computer architecture, which includes a processing unit, a control unit, memory, external mass storage, and input and output mechanisms.

The IBM 701 was the first IBM machine to use transistor circuits without any vacuum tubes and marked the start of a new computer generation.

IBM's RAMAC 305 system introduced the world's first commercial hard disk drive (HDD), significantly increasing the data storage capacity for computers.

Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce independently developed the integrated circuit, which allowed for electronic components to be miniaturized on a semiconductor chip.

The first message was sent over ARPANET, the predecessor to the modern Internet, marking the beginning of networked communication.

Intel released the 4004, the world's first commercially available microprocessor, which integrated CPU function onto a single chip.

Bob Metcalfe and David Boggs invented Ethernet, a technology for networked communication between computers within a localized area.

The Altair 8800 was released as the first popular home microcomputer, sparking interest in personal computing and leading to the software revolution.

The domain name system was created, allowing users to access websites using human-readable names instead of numerical IP addresses.

Apple introduced the Macintosh, which was the first commercially successful personal computer to feature a mouse and a graphical user interface.

Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, which became the main interface for accessing information on the Internet, using web browsers to access web pages.

Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel, which formed the basis for a free and open-source software ecosystem that's widely used today.

The Mosaic web browser was released, significantly contributing to the popularization of the World Wide Web with its user-friendly interface.

The USB standard was released, creating a universal interface for connecting peripheral devices to computers, unified across all major PC manufacturers.

The term 'Wi-Fi' was coined, and the technology was standardized, allowing devices to connect to the Internet wirelessly with the IEEE 802.11 standards.

Mark Zuckerberg launched Facebook from his Harvard dormitory room, paving the way for the overwhelming influence of social media on modern communication and media.

Apple introduced the iPhone, revolutionizing the smartphone industry by combining a mobile phone, iPod, and internet communicator into a single device with a touchscreen interface.

Google launched the Android operating system for mobile devices, offering an open and free alternative to Apple's iOS, which has significantly increased smartphone adoption.

The Bitcoin network went live with the release of the first open-source Bitcoin client, introducing the concept of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology.

Apple launched the iPad, creating a new category of portable computing devices between smartphones and laptops, expanding the role of tablet computers in personal and professional settings.

IBM's supercomputer Watson competed on Jeopardy! and won against human champions, highlighting advances in artificial intelligence and natural language processing.