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Originally observed by Antoine Lavoisier, combustion reactions are fundamental to energy generation and transportation.

Developed by Fritz Haber in the early 20th century, this reaction synthesizes ammonia for fertilizer, crucial for modern agriculture.

Discovered through the work of many scientists over time, photosynthesis is the process by which plants produce oxygen and glucose.

Rusting, or oxidation, of iron was understood over time as the chemical reaction with oxygen and water, impacting industries and infrastructure.

Gunpowder, discovered in ancient China, led to the creation of firearms and had a profound impact on warfare and geopolitics.

An ancient reaction, known to Babylonians, where fats are turned into soap and glycerol, significantly advancing hygiene and health.

Utilized since ancient times for producing alcoholic beverages and bread, fermentation is a biological process with various industrial applications today.

First performed by William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle in 1800, it's the decomposition of water into oxygen and hydrogen gas using electricity.

A common household reaction, producing carbon dioxide and demonstrating the neutralization of an acid by a base.

Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen in 1774 through the thermal decomposition of mercuric oxide, which altered the understanding of combustion.

Formation of the ozone layer is vital for protecting life from the sun's harmful UV radiation, naturally occurring in the high atmosphere.

A foundational chemical reaction in acid-base chemistry, extending from practical applications like antacids to general pH control.

First synthesized by Felix Hoffmann at Bayer in 1897, aspirin is one of the most widely used medications globally for pain and fever.

Developed in the 19th century, this reaction facilitates the production of sulfuric acid, an essential industrial chemical.