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Map projection created by Gerardus Mercator, presents a navigational tool allowing for straight line sailing, but distorts size especially near the poles.

Map by Muhammad al-Idrisi for Roger II of Sicily, represented the known world with remarkable accuracy for its time, included Eurasia and North Africa.

A highly detailed, circular planisphere drawn around 1450, it represents an integration of knowledge from various exploration and trade sources, often seen as a culmination of medieval cartography.

German cartographer who created the Universalis Cosmographia, first map to use the name 'America', and reflected the growing knowledge of the shape of the world.

An early map that shows the results of Portugal's explorations, it depicts coastlines of the Americas, Africa, and India, valuable for its historical portrayal of discovery.

Considered to be the first modern atlas, compiled by Abraham Ortelius, it standardized the way maps were collected and viewed, influencing future cartography.