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Categories of Crime

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Conspiracy

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An agreement between two or more persons to commit a crime at some time in the future. Examples include conspiracy to commit murder, conspiracy to commit robbery, and conspiracy to commit fraud.

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Kidnapping

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The unlawful taking away or abduction of a person against their will, usually to hold them in false imprisonment. Examples include ransom kidnappings, parental abductions, and abduction for human trafficking.

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Insider Trading

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Trading a public company's stock or other securities (such as bonds or stock options) by individuals with access to non-public information about the company. Examples include buying or selling stocks based on confidential information and tipping others with such information.

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Property Crime

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Crimes that involve the theft of property without necessarily causing harm to another person. Examples include burglary, larceny, and auto theft.

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Infraction

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Minor violations that are typically punishable by fines, but not by jail time. Examples include jaywalking, traffic violations, and littering.

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Identity Theft

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The crime of obtaining the personal or financial information of another person for the purpose of assuming that person's name or identity to make transactions or purchases. Examples include credit card fraud and impersonation.

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Stalking

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Engaging in a course of conduct directed at a specific person that would cause a reasonable person to feel fear. Examples include following someone, repeated contact through digital means, and unwanted gift-giving.

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Misdemeanor

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A less serious crime punishable by a fine and/or county jail time for up to one year. Examples include shoplifting, vandalism, and trespassing.

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Drug-Related Crime

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Crimes where drugs are the principal driver, including crimes involving the manufacturing, distribution, or use of illegal substances. Examples include drug possession, drug trafficking, and operating a meth lab.

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Corporate Crime

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Crimes committed by a company or its employees that are conducted to benefit the corporation. Examples include false advertising, illegal dumping of toxic waste, and price-fixing.

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Violent Crime

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Crimes in which the offender uses or threatens to use violent force upon the victim. Examples include murder, rape, and aggravated assault.

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Environmental Crime

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Illegal acts which directly harm the environment. Examples include illegal wildlife trade, dumping hazardous waste, and illegal logging.

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Cybercrime

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Crimes that involve a computer and a network, where the computer can be either a tool or a target. Examples include hacking, identity theft, and cyberstalking.

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Public Order Crime

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Crimes which are considered harmful to society or the area in which they are committed but do not necessarily directly harm persons or property. Examples include public intoxication, prostitution, and disorderly conduct.

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Terrorism

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The use of violence or intimidation in the pursuit of political aims. Examples include bombings, hijackings, and cyber-attacks.

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Human Trafficking

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The act of recruiting, harboring, transporting, providing, or obtaining a person for compelled labor or commercial sex acts through the use of force, fraud, or coercion. Examples include sex trafficking and forced labor.

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Forgery

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The act of making, adapting, or imitating objects, statistics, or documents with the intent to deceive. Examples include counterfeiting currency, art forgery, and falsifying legal documents.

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Embezzlement

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Theft or misappropriation of funds placed in one's trust or belonging to one's employer. Examples include siphoning money from company accounts and misusing client funds.

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Financial Crime

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Crimes that involve the illegal management or control of money, securities, or other assets. Examples include money laundering, terrorist financing, and Ponzi schemes.

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Arson

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The criminal act of deliberately setting fire to property. Examples include setting fire to a building, vehicle, or wildland.

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Felony

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A serious crime usually punishable by imprisonment for more than one year or by death. Examples include murder, rape, and robbery.

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White-Collar Crime

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Crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation. Examples include embezzlement, insider trading, and tax evasion.

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Blue-Collar Crime

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Crime that is typically committed by individuals from lower social classes and is usually more visible and associated with physical force or violence. Examples include burglary, assault, and vandalism.

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Hate Crime

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Crimes that are motivated by bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity, gender, or gender identity. Examples include assault, property damage, and threats of violence based on bias.

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Sex Crimes

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Crimes that involve illegal or coerced sexual conduct against another individual. Examples include sexual assault, rape, and child pornography.

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Organized Crime

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Illegal activities carried out by structured groups typically involving the provision of illegal goods and services to others. Examples include drug trafficking, human trafficking, and money laundering.

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Animal Cruelty

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Crimes that involve inflicting harm or suffering onto animals or not caring for animals responsibly. Examples include animal fighting, neglect, and intentional abuse.

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Extortion

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The practice of obtaining something, especially money, through force or threats. Examples include blackmailing, protection rackets, and demanding money for returned stolen goods.

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Perjury

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The willful act of swearing a false oath or falsifying an affirmation to tell the truth, whether spoken or in writing, concerning matters material to an official proceeding. Examples include lying in court, providing false testimony, and falsifying affidavits.

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Bribery

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Offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting of something of value for the purpose of influencing the action of an official in the discharge of his or her public or legal duties. Examples include kickbacks, influence peddling, and corruption.

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