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To surrender a suspect or convicted person from one jurisdiction to another where the crime was committed for trial or punishment.

To negotiate an agreement between the defendant and prosecutor where the defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge or for a reduced sentence.

To decide whether there is enough evidence to indict the accused and proceed to trial. It involves secrecy and a prosecutor presenting the case.

To decide the financial terms of the defendant's pre-trial release. The judge weighs factors such as flight risk and the nature of the crime.

To request the court to decide on specific legal issues before the trial starts. This includes motions to suppress evidence or to change the trial’s location.

To review the trial's proceedings to ensure legal standards were upheld. It involves submitting briefs and oral arguments in a higher court.

To release the offender from prison before the completion of the sentence, under certain conditions and supervision.

To prohibit a defendant from being tried again on the same (or similar) charges following a legitimate acquittal or conviction.

To allow the jury to discuss the evidence and reach a verdict regarding the defendant's guilt or innocence.

To supervise and rehabilitate the offender in the community instead of serving time in prison, usually including specific conditions.

To inform the accused of the charges and determine whether there will be pretrial release. It involves a judge and the setting of bail.

To announce the decision of a jury (or judge in a bench trial) on the defendant's guilt or innocence.

To remove a conviction from an individual's criminal record, effectively erasing it for most purposes.

To determine the punishment that the defendant will receive if found guilty. Sentencing guidelines and the judge's discretion are considered.

To seek judicial review in a higher court, often used for appealing to the Supreme Court.

To authorize law enforcement to arrest an individual who has not appeared in court as required.

To gather evidence and determine if a crime has been committed. Police officers, detectives, and crime scene analysts are typically involved.

To record the arrest in official law enforcement records and collect the suspect's personal information and fingerprints.

To process cases involving suspects under the age of majority, often with a focus on rehabilitation and privacy.

To officially end the case before trial or verdict, often due to insufficient evidence or procedural errors.

To confine an individual in jail or prison as part of a sentence following conviction.

To officially present the charges to the defendant and hear their plea. The defendant can plead guilty, not guilty, or no contest.

To allow the defendant to change their plea during the criminal procedure, potentially as a result of plea negotiations.

To legally detain a suspect believed to have committed a crime. This involves reading of Miranda rights and taking the suspect into custody.

To present evidence and arguments to a judge and potentially a jury to determine the defendant's guilt or innocence.

To challenge a conviction or sentence after the trial and appeal process, often involving claims of constitutional violations.

To increase the severity of a sentence based on specific factors, such as prior convictions or the use of a weapon.

To legally conceal court records from public view, often employed to protect sensitive information or the identity of minors.

To establish whether there is sufficient evidence to continue the judicial process. The judge decides if the case should go to trial.