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This rule provides the definitions for terms such as 'writing', 'recording', 'photograph', and 'original' as they are used within the context of Article X.

Certified or otherwise authenticated copies of public records can be used to prove the content of the original document.

Addresses the admissibility and procedure for entering translated foreign-language documents into evidence, including providing notice to adverse parties and dealing with issues of accuracy.

The rule permits the use of testimony or written statement of a party to prove the content of a writing, recording, or photograph without needing the original.

This rule states that to prove the content of a writing, recording, or photograph, the original is usually required, unless a rule or statute provides otherwise.

This defines the respective roles of the judge and the jury in determining questions about the admissibility of evidence under these rules.

This rule allows for the use of summaries, charts, or calculations to prove the content of voluminous writings, recordings, or photographs that cannot be conveniently examined in court, provided the originals are available for examination.

This rule outlines the conditions under which other evidence of the content is admissible, for instance when originals are lost or destroyed (not in bad faith), cannot be obtained, are in possession of the opponent, or relate to a collateral matter.