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New legal frameworks have been developed internationally and domestically to combat this form of modern-day slavery.

Saw the rise of codification and professional policing; included the establishment of the Metropolitan Police Service.

Legal tradition that originated in the Catholic Church and laid down procedures for the trial and punishment of moral and religious transgressions.

A combination of English common law, local customs, and colonial legislatures were the main sources of law.

Criminal law that was used as a tool to suppress political dissent and enforce state ideology.

Has introduced a number of legal instruments and conventions aimed at promoting peace, security, human rights, and the rule of law globally.

Law was manipulated to fit Nazi ideologies; trials and laws were crafted to target political enemies and social groups.

With the advent of the internet and digital technologies, new realms of criminality have emerged necessitating an evolution in laws to address cybercrimes.

Frontier justice, with its swift and oftentimes crude forms of punishment, was a response to the need for public order in lawless regions.

An international body established to prosecute individuals for genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity when national courts are unable or unwilling to do so.

Introduced a written and accessible criminal code that influenced civil law systems worldwide.

Strict drug policies and heavy penalties were designed to combat drug use, leading to mass incarceration and racial disparities in prison populations.

Focuses on the needs of victims and offenders, as well as the involved community, with a focus on repairing harm caused by criminal behavior.

Criminal law was characterized by the evolution of the common law brought about by the practices of royal courts.

Lead to significant legal reforms, including the end of racial segregation and the establishment of equal protection under the law.

Post-9/11, laws have been strengthened to counter terrorism, often expanding surveillance capabilities and modifying the rights of the accused.

One of the earliest and most complete written legal codes, which proclaimed the laws and their associated punishments.

Communist Party policies ensure that the criminal justice system also functions as a tool for maintaining strict social control.

Developed the concepts of legal status, legal equality, right of defense, and the idea that the accused is innocent until proven guilty.

Based on the Sharia, which prescribes both the punishments and the evidence required for various offenses.

The 'Great Charter' that limited the power of the English King and established the principle that everyone, including the king, was subject to the law.

Establishment of international norms and courts, like the Nuremberg Trials, that would prosecute individuals for war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Had a legal system that criminalized race mixing and intensified racial segregation.

Focuses on rehabilitation and restorative justice, with an emphasis on reducing recidivism and reintegrating offenders into society.