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Literary Criticism Approaches
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Psychoanalytic Criticism
Analyzes literature through the lens of psychoanalysis, focusing on the psychological motivations of the characters or authors.
Structuralism
Analyzes literature by examining underlying structures, such as language, myths, and cultural codes.
Queer Theory
Approaches texts with the view of deconstructing fixed ideas of gender and sexuality, focusing on the variability of sexual identities.
Formalism
Analyzes literature through its textuality, focusing on the structure, style, and aesthetics rather than content or context.
Affective Criticism
Analyzes the emotions and feelings literature evokes in readers, addressing the psychological aspects of the reading experience.
Symbolic/Mythic Criticism
Interprets texts by seeking out their underlying myths, symbols, and archetypes to uncover the universal meanings.
Cultural Criticism
Explores the cultural context such as ideologies, economic systems, and power structures in which literature is written and read.
New Historicism
Considers literature within the dynamic interchange of social, political, and historical contexts in which it was produced and interpreted.
Post-Colonial Criticism
Examines literature composed by writers from countries with a history of colonization, focusing on issues of power, identity, and resistance.
Feminist Criticism
Analyzes literature to expose the patriarchal biases and hierarchical gender relations within texts.
New Criticism
Emphasizes the importance of the text itself and close reading, with an analysis that is centered on form, imagery, symbols, and paradox.
Deconstruction
A method of literary analysis that challenges the idea of fixed meanings and emphasizes the fluidity and contradictions within the text.
Mimetic Criticism
Focuses on the relationship between literature and reality, exploring how well texts imitate or represent the outside world.
New Aestheticism
Advocates for the appreciation of literature based on its aesthetic qualities and the pleasure of the text.
Marxist Criticism
Views literature as a reflection of the socio-economic forces, particularly the struggles between different classes.
Post-Structuralism
Questions the fixed meaning and emphasizes the fluidity of language, the role of the reader in creating meaning.
Ecocriticism
Analyzes literature in the context of environmental concerns, examining how texts reflect and shape our understanding of nature and ecology.
Cognitive Criticism
Interprets literature through the lens of cognitive science, focusing on how the mind works in understanding texts.
Reader-Response Criticism
Focuses on the reader's experience and personal interpretation of the text, rather than the text itself or the author's intention.
Pragmatic Criticism
Considers the practical effects of literature on readers and society, and the purpose and use of literature.
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