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Renaissance Humanism

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Individualism

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Renaissance humanism's focus on the individual led to literature that explored personal identity and self-expression, contributing to the emergence of autobiographical and character-driven narratives.

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Thomas More

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His work 'Utopia' introduced humanist themes into literature by imagining an ideal society, questioning the status quo, and integrating Renaissance humanist ideals with social critique.

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Skepticism

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Incorporated into humanist thought, skepticism encouraged writers to question established authorities and traditional knowledge, which is reflected in the literature of the period.

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Marsilio Ficino

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As the translator of Plato's works into Latin and a key figure in the Florentine Academy, Ficino's writings merged humanist philosophy with literature, influencing Renaissance thought and literature.

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Francesco Petrarch

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Known as the 'Father of Humanism', Petrarch's rediscovery of classical texts and development of the concept of the 'Dark Ages' highly influenced Renaissance revitalization of ancient knowledge and literature.

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Leonardo Bruni

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His translations of classical works into Latin and vernacular languages popularized humanistic education and influenced European literatures by promoting the study of ancient Greek and Roman texts.

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Baldassare Castiglione

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His treatise 'The Book of the Courtier' outlined the ideals of a humanist education for the nobility and influenced Renaissance social customs and literatures on behavioral ideals.

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Michel de Montaigne

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Montaigne's development of the essay as a literary form provided a vehicle for humanist thought, skepticism, and personal reflection which impacted the way authors approached topics in literature.

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The Medici Family

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Their patronage of the arts and humanist scholars in Florence led to a golden age of literature that was influenced by humanist ideals, and the production of texts that reflected these values.

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Classical Education

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The humanist revival of classical learning reshaped education and thereby influenced the literary works of the time, which often reflected a deep engagement with the classics.

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Erasmus of Rotterdam

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His philosophy of 'Philosophia Christi' and calls for educational and religious reform reflected in his literature, particularly 'In Praise of Folly', shaped the humanist movement and encouraged critical thinking.

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Virtù

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The humanist concept of 'virtù', or the cultivation of personal virtues, became a central theme in literature, emphasizing the potential of individual growth and character development.

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Humanist Script

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The development of humanist script as a clear, legible handwriting style facilitated the dissemination of humanist literature and ideas.

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Ad fontes ('to the sources')

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This humanist slogan to return to the original sources of antiquity fostered a new wave of scholarly practice that impacted literature through intensified engagement with classical texts.

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Vernacular literature

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Humanists' use of the vernacular promoted the development of national literatures and facilitated the spread of humanistic ideas to a broader audience.

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Civic Humanism

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Civic humanism, which emphasized the role of the individual in public life and governance, inspired literature that dealt with political themes, ethics, and the responsibilities of citizens.

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Giovanni Pico della Mirandola

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His work 'Oration on the Dignity of Man' is regarded as the manifesto of Renaissance Humanism, emphasizing the potential for human achievement and individual worth in literature.

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Lorenzo Valla

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Known for his textual criticism and exposure of the Donation of Constantine as a forgery, Valla's work on linguistic precision and historical skepticism had profound implications on the writing and interpretation of literature.

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Humanism

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As an intellectual movement that emphasized the value and agency of human beings, humanism significantly impacted literature by inspiring themes of individuality, classical inspiration, and critical thinking.

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Secularism

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The humanist emphasis on secular themes contributed to a shift in literature towards more worldly subjects rather than purely religious ones, expanding the thematic scope of writing.

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