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Shakespeare's Sonnets Analysis

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And nothing 'gainst Time's scythe can make defence

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This line conveys the inevitable defeat in trying to resist Time, imagined as a grim reaper wielding a scythe.

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When I have seen by Time's fell hand defaced

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The speaker reflects on the destructive power of Time, personified as having a 'fell hand' that ruins beauty and life.

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So long as men can breathe or eyes can see

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This line ensures the immortality of the beloved and the sonnet itself, as long as humanity exists to read it.

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When to the sessions of sweet silent thought

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The speaker opens by revealing his reflective and introspective state, considering it as formal, judicial 'sessions' where thoughts are evaluated.

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Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?

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This line poses a rhetorical question comparing someone to the beauty of a summer day, commonly interpreted as exploring the theme of love's transcending beauty.

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O! how shall summer's honey breath hold out

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The speaker is questioning the sustainability of summer's sweetness, drawing a parallel to the fragile nature of beauty and life.

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My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;

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This line begins a sonnet that subverts typical love poem metaphors by realistically describing the speaker's lover, emphasizing genuine affection over idealized love.

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That thereby beauty's rose might never die

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The poet suggests that through procreation the beauty of the beloved can be preserved for posterity, likening beauty to a 'rose' that should not wither.

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How with this rage shall beauty hold a plea

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This line wonders how beauty can argue against the 'rage' of time, personifying beauty as if it were a defendant in court.

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The bounteous largess given thee to give

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Here, the speaker describes the beloved's beauty as a generous gift meant to be shared, presumably through procreation.

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Thy end is truth's and beauty's doom and date

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The line suggests that with the beloved's death, the quintessence of truth and beauty will also meet their end, emphasizing the individual's importance to these ideals.

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But thy eternal summer shall not fade

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This line promises eternal youth and beauty to the beloved, metaphorically saying they'll not lose their qualities like the summer does.

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When in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes

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This line describes a feeling of social isolation and failure, a sentiment of being out of favor with society and luck.

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That time of year thou mayst in me behold

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Here, the speaker compares himself to late autumn, suggesting he is in the twilight of his years, nearing the end of life's cycle.

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To me, fair friend, you never can be old

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The speaker asserts that the beloved will never age in his eyes, expressing timeless admiration and the constancy of his perception.

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For having traffic with thy self alone

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The poet criticizes the beloved for being selfish, suggesting a lack of procreation is akin to a merchant not engaging in trade.

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Nor shall Death brag thou wand'rest in his shade

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This line defiantly claims that Death will not boast about claiming the beloved, as the sonnet will preserve their memory.

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For thy sweet love remembered such wealth brings

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The speaker suggests that the memory of the beloved's love is as enriching as material wealth, providing comfort during hard times.

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But if thou live, remembered not to be

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The poet cautions the beloved that if they choose not to procreate, they risk being forgotten after death.

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And summer's lease hath all too short a date

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This line acknowledges the fleeting nature of summer, using a legal metaphor of 'lease' to imply that beautiful things have an expiration.

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