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Cadence Types

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Picardy Third

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Definition: A cadence where a piece in a minor key ends on a major tonic chord. Chord Progression: i - I (where the final chord is major despite the key)

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Plagal Cadence

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Definition: Often called the 'Amen Cadence,' it progresses from the subdominant chord to the tonic. Chord Progression: IV - I

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Imperfect Authentic (IAC)

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Definition: Similar to a PAC, but with variations like inverted chords, the leading tone in the bass, or the tonic chord not ending on the root in the melody. Chord Progression: V - I, V7 - I

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Deceptive Cadence (DC)

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Definition: When a phrase expected to end in an authentic cadence is 'deceived' and ends on a different chord, usually the vi. Chord Progression: V - vi

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Neapolitan Cadence

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Definition: A cadence that includes the Neapolitan sixth chord (a major chord built on the lowered second scale degree) proceeding to the dominant chord. Chord Progression: N6 - V

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Perfect Authentic (PAC)

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Definition: A cadence with the dominant chord (V) followed by the tonic chord (I), both in root position, ending on the tonic's root in the melody. Chord Progression: V - I

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Landini Cadence

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Definition: A cadence used in medieval and Renaissance music which involves the lower neighbor tone resolving to the tonic. Chord Progression: Typically involves voice leading that includes a lower neighbor tone before resolving to the tonic; for example, vi - vii6 - I.

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Phrygian Half Cadence

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Definition: A half cadence that occurs in minor keys, characterized by a iv6 moving to V. Chord Progression: iv6 - V

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Lydian Cadence

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Definition: A progression that creates a suspended or unresolved sound using the raised fourth scale degree in a major key. Chord Progression: II7 - V

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Half Cadence (HC)

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Definition: A cadence that ends on the V (dominant) chord, creating an effect of pause or anticipation. Chord Progression: Any chord - V

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