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A documentary style that draws attention to the filmmaking process or perspective to encourage viewers to question the authenticity and ethics of what they are seeing.

A style of documentary filmmaking that combines naturalistic techniques with stylized cinematic practices to reveal deeper truths about the subject.

A filmmaking approach where the camera records events without interfering, making the subjects often forget about its presence, to capture authentic, unaffected behavior.

A non-linear and more abstract documentary style that emphasizes mood, tone, and aesthetic to elicit emotional responses rather than convey information directly.

Historical visuals from the past, used to establish context, authenticity, and a deeper connection to the subject matter through real-world evidence.

A documentary subgenre focused on observing events as they happen, without intervention or staging. Aims for the purity of observed reality.

A style focused on recording events as they unfold naturally, aiming to give the viewer an unfiltered sense of the subject's world without overt filmmaker interference or commentary.

A series of quick cuts that compress time, information, or emotions into a brief sequence. Useful for showing processes, development, or to draw thematic connections.

Supplementary footage that provides context, detail and depth to the primary A-roll footage. Essential for visual storytelling and avoiding monotonous interviews.

A documentary style that focuses on delivering information and argument using a logical structure, often driven by voice-over narration or titles to guide the viewer.

A documentary approach where the filmmaker interacts with the subjects, sometimes appearing on camera, to foreground the process of making the documentary and the relationship with the subjects.

Interview footage where subjects speak directly to the camera. Used to convey personal stories or expert perspectives, adding authenticity and credibility to the documentary.

This mode emphasizes the subjective or expressive aspect of a filmmaker's engagement with the subject, often reflecting on personal or social challenges and inviting viewers to empathize.

Sound that is sourced within the film's world, such as voices of people, sounds made by objects in the story, or music played within the scene. Enhances the realism and immersion of the documentary.