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Fundamentals of Directing
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Sight Lines
The areas in a theatre that are visible to the audience; ensuring that necessary actions are in view and not blocked.
Location Scouting
The process of searching for the perfect location to shoot various scenes of a film or television show.
Focus
The point at which an object appears most clearly in a camera lens or the concentration on a particular task or action by a director.
Table Read
A read-through of the script by actors, usually seated around a table, to understand the characters and plot, often in the early phases of production.
Director's Cut
A version of the film that represents the director's own approved edit, often without the oversight of the production studio.
Blocking
The precise staging of actors to facilitate the performance of a play, ballet, film or opera.
Director's Vision
The creative interpretation and intention of the director, driving the overall artistic style of the play or film.
Subtext
The underlying and often distinct theme or message that a character conveys through tone, action, or dialogue.
Cue
A signal for something to happen in a play or film, which can be related to dialogue, movement, effects, or music.
Casting Call
An audition or a pre-audition where actors are sampled to see if they are right for the roles.
Run-Through
A rehearsal that involves performing a play or a scene in its entirety to get a sense of its flow and progression.
Motivation
The reason behind a character's behavior, driving their actions and reactions within the story.
Concept Art
Illustrations created to represent an idea, mood, or environment that the director envisions for the final film or stage production.
Actor's Mark
A designated spot on the set or stage where the actor knows to stand during a particular point in the scene, usually marked physically.
Casting
The process of selecting actors to play the characters in a script, typically conducted by the director, casting director, and producers.
Fourth Wall
The imaginary wall through which the audience views the play, traditionally unseen by the characters until 'broken.'
Continuity
The consistency of the characteristics of people, plot, objects, and places seen by the audience, from shot-to-shot and scene-to-scene.
Stage Direction
Detailed instructions in a play script that convey the movements, actions, expression, and dialogues of characters.
Production Meeting
A gathering where the director meets with heads of departments to discuss vision, updates, and collaborative aspects of a production.
Pace
The speed at which a story progresses, often affecting the tension and engagement of the audience.
Backstory
A history or background created for a fictional character to enhance the depth and complexity of their personality and actions.
Shot Composition
The arrangement of visual elements within a film frame, which includes cinematography, lighting, set design, and actor movement.
Beat
The smallest unit of action in a play or film, often marking a moment of change or transition for a character.
Storyboard
A sequence of drawings representing the shots planned for a film or television production, providing a visual layout.
Cinematic Language
The unique set of tools and conventions that filmmakers use to convey the story, mood, and themes to the audience.
Mise-en-scène
The arrangement of everything that appears in the framing – actors, lighting, décor, props, costume – and is considered essential for the visual storytelling process.
Rehearsal
A practice session (or series of sessions) in which the actors and director work through the script to refine performances before the final production.
Cross-cutting
An editing technique that alternates between two or more scenes that may be occurring simultaneously but in different locations.
Montage
A filmmaking technique that uses a series of short shots edited into a sequence to condense space, time, and information.
Blocking Rehearsal
A session where the director and actors work out the blocking, or the precise movement and positioning of actors on stage or set.
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