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Vocal Anatomy 101
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Tongue
Alters the shape of the vocal tract, aiding in articulation and resonance.
Glottis
Space between the vocal folds; the size of the glottis affects the quality of the voice and breath control.
False Vocal Folds
Help to close the larynx when swallowing, but do not vibrate during normal voice production.
Larynx
Commonly called the voice box, it houses the vocal folds and manipulates pitch and volume.
Nasal Cavity
Resonates certain speech sounds, particularly nasal consonants like 'm', 'n', and 'ng'.
Thyroid cartilage
Largest cartilage of the larynx, protects the vocal folds, and part of structure known as the Adam's apple.
Epiglottis
Covers the glottis during swallowing to prevent food from entering the trachea; indirectly involved in sound production.
Oral Cavity
The mouth, where resonance and articulation occur, shaping the breath into specific sounds.
Lip
Facilitates articulation, particularly of labial sounds like 'p', 'b', and 'm'; also affects resonance.
Vocal folds
They vibrate to produce sound; the tension and length of these folds affect pitch.
Hard palate
Provides a static surface against which the tongue can create pressure for certain speech sounds.
Soft palate
Its movement opens and closes the nasopharynx; elevated during speech to prevent nasal sounds except for specific nasal consonants.
Trachea
Carries air to and from the lungs; serves as the pathway for breath which powers the voice.
Lungs
Primary organs of respiration; provide the airstream needed for phonation.
Arytenoid cartilages
Anchor the vocal folds and manipulate them to control pitch and create sound.
Hyoid bone
Supports the tongue and provides attachment for muscles involved in swallowing and speech.
Ventricle of the larynx
Laryngeal cavity that may enhance the quality of sound; also helps in protecting the vocal folds.
Diaphragm
This primary muscle of respiration contracts to draw air into the lungs, providing airflow for vocalization.
Pharynx
Resonates sound produced by the vocal folds; also a pathway for air and food.
Cricoid cartilage
Provides attachment for laryngeal muscles and vocal folds; facilitates changes in tension and length of the vocal folds.
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