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Voice Disorders

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Spasmodic Dysphonia

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A neurological disorder causing involuntary spasms in the voice muscles, resulting in a tight or strangled voice quality. Treatments may include botulinum toxin injections and voice therapy.

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Vocal Nodules

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Small, hard, callous-like growths on the vocal cords caused by prolonged vocal abuse. Speech therapy is the primary treatment, with surgery reserved for severe cases.

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Muscle Tension Dysphonia

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Excessive muscle tension in and around the voice box, leading to voice changes and discomfort. Voice therapy is the most common treatment, focusing on reducing tension.

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Papillomatosis

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Rare, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is caused by HPV and characterized by wart-like growths on vocal cords. Treatments include surgery to remove growths and antiviral medication.

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Cyst

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A benign, fluid-filled sac that can develop on the vocal cords and interfere with voice quality. Surgery to remove the cyst is the common treatment followed by voice therapy.

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Granuloma

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An inflammation or lesion on the vocal cords typically caused by injury, irritation, or infection. Treatment can include voice rest, anti-inflammatory medication, and surgery if persistent.

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Sulcus Vocalis

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A thinning or indentation of the vocal cord's edge, which can lead to a breathy and weak voice. Voice therapy and microsurgery are potential treatment options.

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Laryngitis

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Inflammation of the voice box (larynx) often due to infection or overuse, leading to hoarseness or loss of voice. Treatment usually involves rest, hydration, and avoiding irritants.

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Vocal Polyps

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Benign growths on the vocal cords that are typically larger than nodules and may cause a breathy or hoarse voice. Treatment often includes voice rest, speech therapy, and possibly surgery.

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Functional Dysphonia

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A voice disorder with no apparent anatomical, neurological, or other organic difficulty, often stress-related. Treatment often involves voice therapy focused on relaxation and proper technique.

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Leukoplakia

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White or grayish patches on the vocal cords, often associated with smoking or other irritants. Treatment may include quitting smoking and voice rest, with surgery considered for severe cases.

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Puberphonia

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A condition where the voice does not deepen as expected during puberty in males, leading to a higher-pitched voice. Speech therapy focusing on voice deepening exercises is the typical treatment.

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Vocal Cord Paralysis

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The inability of one or both vocal cords to move, often leading to a weak and breathy or hoarse voice. Treatment options include voice therapy and sometimes surgical intervention.

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Reinke's Edema

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Swelling of the vocal cords due to fluid accumulation, often associated with smoking. The main treatments are quitting smoking and potentially surgery to decrease swelling.

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Presbyphonia

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Age-related changes in the voice due to atrophy and weakness of the vocal cords. Voice therapy can help, along with potential surgical augmentation of the vocal cords.

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