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A variation of the Trolley Problem where one must decide whether to push a large person onto the track to stop a trolley and save five others. It questions the direct involvement in harm for greater good.

A mother must choose which of her two children will be killed in a Nazi concentration camp. It reflects on the impossible choice and the nature of moral responsibility under duress.

A scenario where two identical twins have committed a murder that cannot be solved without punishing the innocent one. It discusses justice, individual rights, and the collateral damage in law enforcement.

A thought experiment questioning whether one should pull a lever to switch a runaway trolley to a track where it will kill one person instead of five. It challenges principles of utilitarianism versus deontological ethics.

A legal paradox involving a contract where a student agrees to pay his teacher after winning his first case, but then refuses to pay once he wins. It debates the conflict of legal contracts and justice.

A scenario in game theory where two individuals must decide independently whether to cooperate or defect, knowing that mutual cooperation yields the best overall result, but individual defection could lead to a better personal outcome.

A situation in which a job candidate must decide whether to honestly disclose information that could prevent their hiring, exploring the conflict between personal gain and honesty.

A situation where a lifeboat is overcapacity, forcing a decision on who should be thrown overboard to prevent everyone from dying. It examines moral reasoning in life-and-death situations.

A philosophical paradox questioning if an omnipotent being could create a stone so heavy that even they cannot lift it, challenging the concept of omnipotence.

A game-theoretic situation where everyone benefits if someone takes an action, but there is a cost to the one who does. The dilemma is whether to volunteer or hope others will.

A situation where a man must decide whether to steal a drug he cannot afford to save his wife's life, exploring the conflict between laws and moral imperatives.