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Moral absolutism is an ethical view that certain actions are absolutely right or wrong, regardless of other contexts such as their consequences or the intentions behind them.

Moral particularism is the view that there are no universal moral principles, and that moral judgment can only be made in particular contexts, with the attributes that make a situation morally relevant varying from case to case.

Divine Command Theory is the view that morality is somehow dependent upon God, and that moral obligation consists in obedience to God's commands. Divine command theory features in the ethics of many religions.

The Categorical Imperative is a key concept in deontological ethics, particularly within Kantian ethics, that posits an action is morally right if it can be universalized and if it treats humanity as an end in itself.

Moral relativism is the view that moral judgments are true or false only relative to some particular standpoint and that no standpoint is uniquely privileged over all others.

Consequentialism is the class of normative ethical theories holding that the consequences of one's conduct are the ultimate basis for any judgment about the rightness or wrongness of that conduct.

Rights-based ethics is a type of ethical theory based on the concept of human rights, which asserts that everyone has certain inherent rights that should not be infringed upon and that these rights dictate certain duties and obligations.

Virtue ethics emphasizes the virtues, or moral character, in contrast to the approach that emphasizes duties or rules (deontology) or that emphasizes the consequences of actions (consequentialism).

Natural Law Theory is a legal theory that recognizes the connection between the law and human morality. It asserts that there are natural ethics or universal human rights, independent of man-made laws.

Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that posits the best action is the one that maximizes utility, usually defined as that which provides the greatest well-being for the greatest number of people.

Care ethics emphasizes the importance of care, emotional engagement, and relationships in moral deliberation, often challenging traditional ethics that prioritize justice, autonomy, and impersonal principles.

Deontological ethics holds that the morality of an action should be based on whether the action itself is right or wrong under a series of rules, rather than based on the consequences of the action.

Contractarianism refers to both the theory in political philosophy on the legitimacy of political authority, and the ethical theory concerning the origin or legitimate content of moral norms. It posits that persons can, by a contract or agreement, form society.

Ethical Egoism is the normative ethical position that moral agents ought to do what is in their own self-interest, contrasting with the view that one has moral obligations to others.