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Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)

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Rhythmic Rotation (RR)

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Slow, passive rotation around a joint. It's intended to decrease hypertonicity and is useful in the initial stages of rehabilitation.

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Contract-Relax (CR)

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Used to improve flexibility. The muscle is contracted isometrically, then relaxed and stretched. Benefits include increased range of motion and decreased muscular tension.

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Contract-Relax-Antagonist-Contract (CRAC)

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Increases flexibility by contracting the target muscle, relaxing, and then contracting the antagonist muscle. This can lead to greater increases in range of motion.

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Hold-Relax-Swing (HRS)

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Integrates dynamic movement after isometric hold and relax phases. It enhances flexibility and prepares muscles for dynamic activities.

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Rhythmic Initiation (RI)

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Starts with passive movement, progresses to active-assistive, and ends with active motion. It helps in reducing hypertonicity and learning new movement patterns.

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Hold-Relax (HR)

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Similar to CR but the contraction is held for longer. This method helps with increasing passive stretch and range of motion, especially in tight muscles.

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Slow Reversal-Hold (SRH)

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Like SR, but includes an isometric hold at the end of each movement. This improves strength, stability, and endurance of the muscles.

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Slow Reversal (SR)

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Alternating isotonic contractions of agonist and antagonist muscles without rest. It's used to increase strength and control throughout the range of motion.

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