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Anthropometrics
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Body Mass Index (BMI)
A numerical computation regarding height and weight, used to categorize individuals into weight categories that may lead to health problems. Used to consider user populations in furniture design.
Sitting Height
The vertical distance from sitting surface to the top of the head. Important in determining the height of ceilings and head clearance in vehicles.
Reach Envelope
The three-dimensional space within which a person can reach while sitting or standing. This influences the design of workstations, control panels, and user interfaces.
Stature (Height)
Vertical measurement from the floor to the top of the head. This dimension affects the scale of doorways, ceiling height, and other vertical spaces.
Eye Height (Sitting and Standing)
Distance from the viewing surface to the ground, whether sitting or standing. Matters for the placement of monitors, vision-related tasks, and safety considerations.
Elbow Rest Height
Distance from the resting elbow to the seating surface. It is used to determine the optimal height for armrests of chairs and work surfaces.
Hip Breadth (Sitting)
Horizontal measurement across the hips when seated. Used to design seat widths, doorways, and walkways to accommodate a range of users.
Shoulder Breadth
Measurement across the shoulders, from one acromion to the other. Influences the width of doorways, aisles, and seating.
Thigh Clearance Height
Vertical distance from the top of the thighs to an overhead obstruction when seated. Essential for designing desks and tables, ensuring adequate legroom.
Grip Strength
Measure of the force applied by the hand to grasp or hold objects. Important for the design of hand tools, sports equipment, and control devices.
Hand Length
Distance from the wrist crease to the tip of the middle finger. Affects the design of gloves, tools, and controls to ensure accessibility and usability.
Foot Length
Measurement of the foot from the back of the heel to the tip of the longest toe. Key for designing footwear, foot pedals, and safety gear.
Head Circumference
The distance around the largest part of the head. Influential in designing headwear, helmets, and headrests.
Vertical Reach (Standing)
The maximum height one can reach while standing flat-footed. Determines the placement of high shelves, operational controls, and emergency equipment.
Popliteal Height
Height from the underside of the foot to the back of the knee when seated. Essential to calculate seat height for optimal comfort and posture.
Functional Reach
The distance one can reach forward while seated without falling. Important for designing workstations, control panels, and kitchen layouts.
Sitting Knee Height
The measurement from the seated surface to the top of the knee. It is used to design desk and table heights, ensuring adequate clearance.
Bideltoid Breadth
The width of the body measured across the deltoid muscles. Influences the design of chairs, doorways, and protective gear such as harnesses.
Back Width
Horizontal measure of the back, typically taken across the shoulder blades. Impacts the design of backrests for chairs and the fit of garments.
Forearm to Forearm Breadth
Measurement from the tip of one bent elbow to the other. Used to determine the needed width of space for various seated activities.
Waist Circumference
The measurement around the narrowest part of the torso. Considered in clothing design, seat belt design, and health risk assessments.
Palm Breadth
The horizontal width of the palm. Utilized in the design of handheld devices, tools, and sports equipment to ensure a comfortable and secure grip.
Crutch Height
Vertical distance from the ground to the armpit when standing. This information is critical for the design of crutches and other ambulatory aids.
Buttock-knee Length
Distance from the rearmost point of the buttocks to the front edge of the knee when seated. Important for legroom in seating design.
Fingertip to Fingertip Span
The arm span measurement from the tip of one middle finger to the tip of the other with arms outstretched. Influences the design of spaces that require extended reach, like aisle widths.
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