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Multitasking and Human Performance
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Task Switching Cost
Decline in performance efficiency and increase in time to complete tasks due to cognitive load.
Attentional Blink
A brief lapse in attention, resulting in the failure to notice the second of two rapidly presented stimuli.
Memory Load
Multitasking increases memory load, potentially leading to information loss and errors.
Simultaneous Capacity Limit
There is a finite limit to the number of tasks that can be handled simultaneously without a decline in performance.
Multitasking and Stress
Frequent multitasking can lead to increased stress and burnout.
Inattentional Blindness
Focusing on one task can lead to a failure to perceive other, potentially critical, information.
Continual Partial Attention
Maintaining a state of readiness to shift focus across various tasks, leading to a lack of deep focus on any one.
Cognitive Flexibility
This trait varies among individuals and can affect the ability to switch between tasks effectively.
Role of Experience
Expertise and practice in specific tasks can reduce the negative effects of multitasking.
Technological Multitasking
Frequent use of multiple digital devices can contribute to a fragmented attention span.
Multitasking and Learning
Simultaneously performing tasks, especially with media, can affect the ability to learn and retain new information.
Time Management
Effective time management strategies can mitigate some multitasking challenges.
Multitasking in the Workplace
The workplace often demands multitasking but the productivity benefits can be illusory.
Age and Multitasking Performance
Multitasking ability can decline with age due to changes in cognitive resources and flexibility.
Individual Differences
Cognitive abilities such as working memory capacity and attention control affect multitasking proficiency.
Training and Multitasking
Specific training can improve certain aspects of multitasking ability.
Gender Differences in Multitasking
Research suggests that there may be gender differences in multitasking, though findings are mixed.
Errors and Mistakes
Multitasking can lead to an increased rate of errors and accidental mistakes in task performance.
Impact on Creativity
Multitasking can impede creative thinking by reducing the cognitive resources available for idea generation.
Task Similarity
Tasks that are similar can interfere more with each other when multitasked, leading to decreases in performance.
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