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The study of the human perception of sound, which includes how we listen, our psychological responses, and physiological impacts of sound. In acoustics, psychoacoustics is important for audio engineering, hearing aid design, and noise control.

The study of the natural frequency modes of a structure, which in acoustics can be used to understand and predict how a room's dimensions and materials affect its sound qualities. This knowledge is applied in architectural acoustics and instrument design.

A technique used to reduce the echo that can be heard in a communication system. In acoustics, AEC algorithms are integral to teleconferencing and VoIP applications, ensuring clear voice transmission.

An algorithm to compute the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and its inverse at a much faster speed than a direct computation. In acoustics, FFT is used to quickly analyze the frequency components of signals, such as in real-time audio processing and noise reduction.

A mathematical operation that expresses the amount of overlap of one function as it is shifted over another function. In acoustics, it's used to simulate the effect of an acoustic space on a sound source (reverberation) and in digital signal processing to apply filters to signals.

A method used to analyze signals whose frequency content changes over time. In acoustics, this is useful for speech and music analysis, environmental sound studies, and diagnostics in machinery.

Nonlinearities in a system that creates harmonics not present in the original signal, thereby distorting the waveform. In acoustics, it is used to measure audio quality and the performance of acoustic devices such as speakers and microphones.

The process of removing unwanted components from a signal. In acoustics, filtering is used to isolate speech from background noise, improve the clarity of audio recordings, and design speaker systems.

A representation of how an acoustic system responds to a brief input signal (an impulse). In acoustics, it characterizes the reverberation of a room and is essential in designing acoustic treatments and in audio signal processing algorithms.

A method of recording sound that uses two microphones, arranged to create a 3-D stereo sound sensation for the listener. In acoustics, this technique accurately reproduces the way humans hear and is used in virtual reality and immersive media.

The change in frequency of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the source of the wave. In acoustics, the Doppler Effect is considered when designing sirens, in sonic velocity measurements, and the study of moving sound sources.

A visual representation of the spectrum of frequencies in a signal as they vary with time. In acoustics, spectrograms are used to analyze the speech signal, identify different sound sources, and detect transient noises.

A random signal with power spectral density inversely proportional to frequency. Used in acoustics for testing loudspeakers and room acoustics due to its similarity to natural sounds, like human speech and environmental noise.

A measure of how much sound pressure is produced by an acoustic wave for a given flow of air through a medium. It is used in acoustics to design acoustic materials, soundproofing, and to understand the interaction of sound with different media.

The ability to determine the origin of a sound in direction and distance. This is a crucial aspect in acoustics for spatial audio rendering, virtual reality, and in the study of auditory systems.

A random signal with a constant power spectral density across a wide frequency range. In acoustics, white noise is used to test audio equipment, for sound masking, and to calibrate instruments.

A mathematical transform that decomposes a function into its constituent frequencies, known as its frequency spectrum. In acoustics, the Fourier Transform is used to analyze the frequency content of sounds and to solve problems involving heat conduction, vibration analysis, and signal processing.

Half of the sampling rate of a discrete signal processing system. The Nyquist Frequency is essential in acoustics for digital recording and playback systems to prevent aliasing and accurately reconstruct analog signals.

A measure that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise. In acoustics, SNR is a critical factor in evaluating the quality of audio recordings, communication systems, and hearing aids.

The process of removing noise from a signal. In acoustics, noise reduction techniques are employed in audio processing to improve speech intelligibility, reduce environmental noise in recordings, and enhance listening comfort in consumer audio products.

The technique of shaping the directional response pattern of an array of sensors such as microphones, using spatial filtering and time delay estimates. In acoustics, beamforming helps enhance speech signals, locate sound sources, and improve audio capture in noisy environments.