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Keynote sounds are those that are created by the geography and climate of an area, often background noises which are continuous and set the tone for an environment. They are not necessarily noticed by inhabitants, but they form a foundation for other sounds.

A sonic environment is the acoustic environment specific to a location. It is distinct from the visual or tactile environment and can be shaped by natural processes, wildlife, and human activities.

The soundscape of an area is the combination of all noises present, encompassing both natural and human-made sounds. The concept highlights the acoustic environment as an important part of our perception of space.

Sound propagation is the movement of sound waves through a medium. Understanding how sound travels is key in acoustic ecology for assessing how natural and artificial sounds spread through environments.

Acoustic design involves creating environments, buildings, and spaces that have favorable sound properties. It is a significant aspect of urban planning and architecture to enhance quality of life through better soundscapes.

Noise pollution refers to harmful or annoying levels of noise. In acoustic ecology, addressing noise pollution is significant for protecting wildlife and human health, and for maintaining environmental balance.

A soundmark is a sound unique to an area or place, much like a landmark is unique to a location. It is considered a community’s sonic heritage and is integral to the acoustic ecology of that environment.

Acoustic comfort refers to the subjective assessment of the acceptability of an environment’s soundscape. It is related to the impacts of sound on humans' well-being and productivity in different settings.

The acoustic niche refers to how different organisms use different frequencies and time spaces to communicate so their signals do not interfere with one another, based on the concept that each species has its own 'sonic space' in an ecosystem.

Bioacoustics is a cross-disciplinary science that combines biology and acoustics to study the production, transmission, and reception of sound in animals including humans. It is crucial for understanding animal behavior and communication.

Phonography is the art and practice of recording sounds from the environment, often with the aim of capturing the acoustic characteristics of specific locations or events. It's an important tool for documenting soundscapes.

Psychoacoustics is the study of the psychological and physiological responses associated with sound, including how we perceive and interpret sound waves, and can influence acoustic design and noise control.

Auditory scene analysis is the process by which the human auditory system organizes and interprets sound stimuli into meaningful elements. It's crucial for understanding how humans interact with their acoustic environment.

Ecoacoustics is an interdisciplinary field that investigates the ecological role of sounds. It involves the analysis of natural and anthropogenic sounds and their interaction with the ecosystem.