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Conductors and Insulators

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Water (Pure)

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Insulator - lacks free charged particles in its pure state

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Air (Dry)

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Insulator - molecules in dry air do not have free electrons for conducting electricity

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Paper

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Insulator - made of cellulose fibers, which do not conduct electricity

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Nickel

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Conductor - its electron configuration permits electrons to move freely, making it conductive

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PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)

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Insulator - it has a high resistance to electricity due to its chemical composition

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Rubber

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Insulator - lacks free electrons and thus inhibits the flow of electric current

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Tungsten

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Conductor - despite its high melting point, it can conduct electricity

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Diamond

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Insulator - has a very strong covalent bond that holds its electrons in place

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Copper

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Conductor - has free electrons allowing electric current to flow

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Glass

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Insulator - its electrons are bound tightly to atoms, which prevents them from moving freely

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Steel

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Conductor - its iron content has free electrons that can conduct electricity

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Silicon

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Semiconductor - under certain conditions it can conduct electricity

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Plastic

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Insulator - composed of polymers that do not have free electrons

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Silver

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Conductor - has the highest electrical conductivity of all metals

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Lead

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Conductor - has free electrons that allow it to conduct electricity

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Gold

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Conductor - excellent conductor of electricity due to its free electrons

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Aluminum

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Conductor - has a high number of free electrons that can move to conduct electricity

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Silk

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Insulator - composed of organic fibers that do not have free electrons

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Graphite

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Conductor - the delocalized electrons in its structure allow electricity to pass

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Mercury

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Conductor - even as a liquid at room temperature, it has free electrons for conducting electricity

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