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Kirchhoff's Laws

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Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)

Statement: At any junction point in an electrical circuit, the sum of currents flowing into that point is equal to the sum of currents flowing out of that point. Mathematically, $\sum I_{\text{in}} = \sum I_{\text{out}}$ . Applications: Used to analyze complex circuits, conserving charge within a network of conductors, and ensuring current conservation in circuit simulations.

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)

Statement: The sum of all electrical voltages around any closed network (loop) is zero. Mathematically, $\sum V = 0$ . Applications: Used in loop or mesh analysis to calculate unknown voltages, essential for ensuring energy conservation in circuit design, and helps in the analysis of complex circuits with multiple loops.

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