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Kirchhoff's Laws

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Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)

Statement: The sum of all electrical voltages around any closed network (loop) is zero. Mathematically, $\sum V = 0$ . Applications: Used in loop or mesh analysis to calculate unknown voltages, essential for ensuring energy conservation in circuit design, and helps in the analysis of complex circuits with multiple loops.

Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)

Statement: At any junction point in an electrical circuit, the sum of currents flowing into that point is equal to the sum of currents flowing out of that point. Mathematically, $\sum I_{\text{in}} = \sum I_{\text{out}}$ . Applications: Used to analyze complex circuits, conserving charge within a network of conductors, and ensuring current conservation in circuit simulations.

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