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Ohm's Law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points, expressed as $I = \frac{V}{R}$.

Faraday's Law states that the induced electromotive force in any closed circuit is equal to the negative of the time rate of change of the magnetic flux enclosed by the circuit: $\mathcal{E} = -\frac{d\Phi_B}{dt}$.

The Lorentz force is the force exerted on a charged particle moving through an electric and magnetic field: $\vec{F} = q(\vec{E} + \vec{v} \times \vec{B})$.

In series circuits, components are connected end-to-end, while in parallel circuits, they are connected alongside each other, affecting resistance and current flow.

In inductance, a change in current in one coil will induce a voltage in a neighboring coil, defined as $L = \frac{N \Phi_B}{I}$.

A magnetic field is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, materials, and currents.

Magnetic flux is a measure of the amount of magnetic field passing through a given area, defined as $\Phi_B = \int \vec{B} \cdot d\vec{A}$.

Maxwell's Equations are a set of four equations that form the foundation of classical electrodynamics, classical optics, and electric circuits.

Kirchhoff's Current Law states that the total current entering a junction must equal the total current leaving the junction.

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law states that the sum of all voltages around a closed loop must be zero.

An electric field is a vector field around charged particles that represents the force exerted on other charged particles, defined as $\vec{E} = \frac{\vec{F}}{q}$, where $\vec{F}$ is force.

Capacitance is the ability of a system to store an electric charge, defined as $C = \frac{Q}{V}$, where $Q$ is the charge and $V$ is the voltage.

Lenz's Law states that the direction of the induced current is such that it opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it, as defined by Faraday's law.

Gauss's Law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the charge enclosed by that surface: $\oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} = \frac{Q_{enc}}{\varepsilon_0}$.

Electrical resistance is a measure of the degree to which an object opposes the passage of an electric current, $R = \rho\frac{l}{A}$, where $\rho$ is resistivity.

Coulomb's Law quantifies the amount of force between two stationary, electrically charged particles: $F = k_e \frac{|q_1 q_2|}{r^2}$.

Electromagnetic waves are waves of electric and magnetic fields that transport energy and travel through space at the speed of light, governed by Maxwell's equations.

Ampere's Law relates the integrated magnetic field around a closed loop to the electric current passing through the loop: $\oint \vec{B} \cdot d\vec{l} = \mu_0 I_{enc}$.

Electric potential is the amount of electric potential energy per unit charge at a point in a static electric field, $V = \frac{U}{q}$.