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States of Matter and Transitions

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Gas

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A state of matter composed of particles that have a lot of space between them and move freely at high speeds.

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Melting

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The phase transition from solid to liquid, occurring at a specific temperature called the melting point.

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Condensation

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The phase transition from gas to liquid, whereby gas particles lose energy and bond together when they come into contact with a cooler surface.

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Freezing

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The phase transition from liquid to solid, where a substance releases heat and its particles slow down.

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Plasma

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A high-energy state of matter in which electrons are stripped from atoms, forming an ionized gas.

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Solid

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A state of matter characterized by particles that are close together in a fixed arrangement with limited motion.

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Liquid

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A state of matter with a definite volume but no fixed shape, where particles are close but can move past one another.

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Evaporation

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The phase transition from liquid to gas that can occur at temperatures below the boiling point, at the surface of the liquid.

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