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Wave Properties and Types
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Amplitude
The maximum displacement of points on a wave, which is often perceived as the wave's strength or intensity.
Wavelength
The distance between successive crests, troughs, or identical parts of a wave. Represented by lambda ().
Standing Wave
A wave that remains in a constant position with nodes not undergoing motion. Typically results from interference between two waves traveling in opposite directions.
Transverse Wave
A type of wave where the disturbance moves perpendicular to the direction of the wave's advance.
Reflection
The change in direction of a wave when it bounces off a barrier. Does not alter the wave's speed or frequency.
Wave Speed
The speed at which a wave crest propagates through a medium. Given by the product of frequency and wavelength: .
Polarization
A property applying to transverse waves that specifies the geometrical orientation of the oscillations.
Longitudinal Wave
A wave where the disturbance moves in the same direction as the wave's advance.
Interference
The phenomenon where two or more waves superpose to form a resultant wave of greater, lower, or the same amplitude.
Diffraction
The spreading out of waves as they pass through a narrow opening or around obstacles.
Frequency
The number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time, usually one second. Measured in Hertz (Hz).
Refraction
The bending of a wave as it passes at an angle from one medium to another caused by a change in wave speed.
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