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Geophysics and Earth's Properties
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Plate Tectonics
The scientific theory that describes the large-scale motions of Earth's lithosphere.
Seismic Waves
Waves of energy that travel through the Earth's layers, and are a result of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, magma movement, large landslides and large man-made explosions.
Mohorovičić Discontinuity (Moho)
The boundary between Earth's crust and the mantle, characterized by a sudden increase in the velocity of seismic waves.
Magnetosphere
The region of space surrounding an astronomical body in which charged particles are controlled by that body's magnetic field.
Isostasy
The state of gravitational equilibrium between Earth's crust and mantle such that the crust floats at an elevation that depends on its thickness and density.
Mantle Convection
The slow creeping motion of Earth's solid silicate mantle caused by convection currents carrying heat from the interior to the planet's surface.
Richter magnitude scale
A logarithmic scale that assigns a number to quantify the size of an earthquake, developed by Charles F. Richter.
Pangaea
A supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras, formed about 300 million years ago and began to break apart about 175 million years ago.
Lithosphere
The rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
Core-Mantle Boundary
The boundary between the Earth's metallic core and its silicate mantle, lying approximately 2,900 kilometers below the Earth's surface.
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