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Areal Linguistics
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Flashcards
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Agglutinative morphology
Turkey, Japan, Hungary | Turkish, Japanese, Hungarian
Use of clusivity
Melanesia, South Asia | Fijian, Kannada
Umlaut
Germany, Scandinavia | German, Swedish
Tone
Sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia | Mandarin, Yoruba
Preferred OV (Object-Verb) order
Turkey, Korea, Japan | Turkish, Korean, Japanese
Pro-drop languages
Southern Europe, East Asia | Italian, Korean
Inflectional future tense
Romance-speaking countries | French, Spanish
Reduplication
Indonesia, the Philippines | Indonesian, Tagalog
SOV word order
India, Japan | Hindi, Japanese
Inclusive and exclusive distinction in pronouns
Oceania, South Asia | Fijian, Tamil
Aspirated consonants
India, Thailand | Hindi, Thai
Click consonants
Southern Africa | Zulu, Xhosa
UVular consonants
Northwest Europe, the Middle East, the Arctic | French, Arabic, Inuktitut
Polysynthetic structure
North America, Siberia | Mohawk, Yupik
Relative clauses following the noun
Worldwide | English, Chinese
Nasal vowels
France, Brazil | French, Portuguese
Post-posed articles
Romania, Bulgaria, Albania | Romanian, Bulgarian, Albanian
Glottalized consonants
Northwest America, the Caucasus | Haida, Georgian
Vowel harmony
Turkey, Finland, Mongolia | Turkish, Finnish, Mongolian
Evidentiality
The Andes, the Caucasus, Tibet | Quechua, Tsez, Tibetan
Null subject parameter
Southern Europe, Latin America | Italian, Spanish
Gender-neutral pronouns
Worldwide | English ('they'), Turkish ('o')
Animacy hierarchy
North America, Australia | Algonquian languages, Australian Aboriginal languages
Non-concatenative morphology
The Middle East, North Africa | Arabic, Hebrew
Obligatory possession
Australia, Siberia | Aboriginal Australian languages, Yukaghir
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