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Foundations of Health Education

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Constructivism

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Learners actively construct their own understanding. Health education uses this by facilitating personal exploration of health beliefs and practices.

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Theory of Planned Behavior

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Behavior is driven by behavioral intentions where attitude, social norms, and perceived control play a key role. Health education interventions seek to influence these components to change behavior.

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Experiential Learning Theory

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Learning is based on the cycle of experiencing, reflecting, thinking, and acting. Health education engages individuals in hands-on experiences to promote learning and behavior change.

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Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model

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Behavior change is pulled by information, motivation, and behavioral skills. Health education strategies provide knowledge, increase motivation, and develop skills necessary for behavior change.

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Health Belief Model

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Decisions about health behavior are based on personal beliefs about health issues. Health education targets these beliefs to encourage healthy choices.

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Lewin's Change Theory

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Change involves three steps: unfreezing, change, and refreezing. Health education can use this model to facilitate the adoption of new, healthier behaviors and solidifying them.

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Behaviorism

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Focus on observable behaviors. Uses reinforcement to shape behavior. Applied in health education through reward systems for healthy behaviors.

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Community Organization Model

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Focuses on community-driven change and empowerment. Health education emphasizes the role of community action and resource development to improve health.

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Social Learning Theory

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Learning is a social process and often occurs through observation. In health education, role models promote healthy behaviors which are imitated by individuals.

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Empowerment Education Model

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Aims to increase personal and community power through participatory learning experiences. Health education encourages critical reflection and action for change.

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Social Ecological Model

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Health is affected by interactions between individuals and their environment. Health education uses this model to address factors at various levels: individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy.

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PRECEDE-PROCEED Model

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A planning model that starts with desired outcomes and works backward to identify strategies. Health education uses it for program planning, implementation, and evaluation.

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Self-Determination Theory

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Focuses on the degree to which an individual's behavior is self-motivated. In health education, the concept of autonomy can be applied to empower individuals to make their own health choices.

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Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)

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A model that distinguishes between the motivational phase and the volitional phase of adopting health behaviors. Health education can help establish intentions and translate them into action.

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Information Processing Theory

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Looks at how individuals encode, process, store, and retrieve information. In health education, this theory is used to design materials that enhance memory and comprehension.

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Cognitivism

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Emphasizes internal thought processes and the mind as an information processor. Used in health education to develop problem-solving skills and understanding health information.

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Diffusion of Innovations Theory

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Explains how new ideas and practices spread within a community. Used in health education to spread healthy behaviors and practices across populations.

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Transtheoretical Model

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Behavior change is a process that takes place in stages. Health education programs can be tailored to target specific stages of change.

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Health Literacy Concept

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The degree to which individuals can obtain, process, and understand basic health information. Health education programs aim to improve health literacy among populations.

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Protection Motivation Theory

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Focuses on how individuals are motivated to protect themselves from harmful events. Health education uses fear appeals to motivate protective behaviors while also providing efficacy information.

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