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Insects and Plant Diseases

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Leafhoppers

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Known for spreading phytoplasmas leading to diseases such as Aster yellows; can cause yellowing and dwarfing of plants.

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Scale insects

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Can spread fungal diseases due to honeydew production, facilitating growth of sooty molds on plants.

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Emerald ash borer

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Does not transmit diseases, but causes dramatic damage to ash trees, leading to tree death and increased wood decay pathogens.

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Japanese beetle

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Does not transmit diseases but causes significant direct damage including skeletonized leaves and defoliation.

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Thrips

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Vectors for Tospoviruses like Tomato spotted wilt virus; cause silvering of the leaf surface, stunted growth.

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Fruit flies

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Specific species like Olive fruit fly can transmit bacteria and fungi like Pseudomonas syringae, leading to plant rot.

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Asian citrus psyllid

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Vector of the bacterium that causes citrus greening disease (Huanglongbing), leading to misshapen, bitter fruit.

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Spider mites

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Not true insects, but can cause damage and stress that may lead to fungal or bacterial infections in plants.

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Aphids

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Transmission of plant viruses like Cucumber mosaic virus; cause sooty mold development due to honeydew excretion.

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Mealybugs

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Spread of viruses like Grapevine leafroll-associated virus and can cause growth issues due to sooty mold from honeydew.

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Beet leafhoppers

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Act as vectors for the Beet curly top virus causing severe stunting and leaf curling in many plant species.

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Planthoppers

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Transmit phytoplasmas and rice viruses causing diseases like Rice Ragged Stunt and Rice Grassy Stunt.

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Corn rootworm

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Mainly causes physical damage to roots and stems, leading to secondary infections by pathogens in weakened plants.

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Colorado potato beetle

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Primarily a defoliator, not a disease vector; however, its damage can predispose plants to secondary infections.

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Whiteflies

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Spread of Begomovirus affecting tomatoes and other crops; induce plant disorders like Tomato yellow leaf curl.

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