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Pest Insects in Agriculture
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Corn Earworm
Scientific name: Helicoverpa zea. The larvae feed on a wide variety of plants, especially corn, where they can damage kernels and open the ear to secondary infections.
Gypsy Moth
Scientific name: Lymantria dispar. The caterpillars defoliate various trees, which can weaken and eventually kill them.
Spotted Wing Drosophila
Scientific name: Drosophila suzukii. Unlike other fruit flies that lay eggs in overripe fruit, these pests target healthy ripening fruits, leading to crop loss.
Tomato Pinworm
Scientific name: Keiferia lycopersicella. The larvae mine the leaves and burrow into tomatoes, making the fruit unfit for market.
Emerald Ash Borer
Scientific name: Agrilus planipennis. It bores into ash trees, disrupting the transport of water and nutrients and ultimately killing the tree.
Colorado Corn Borer
Scientific name: Ostrinia nubilalis. A variant of the European Corn Borer, it particularly damages maize crops by tunneling into the stalks.
Colorado Potato Beetle
Scientific name: Leptinotarsa decemlineata. This beetle causes defoliation in potato crops, and can completely destroy the foliage if not controlled.
Aphid
Scientific name: Aphidoidea family. These small sap-sucking insects cause yellowing and distortion of leaves and can transmit viral diseases.
Asian Long-Horned Beetle
Scientific name: Anoplophora glabripennis. Larvae tunnel into the heartwood of trees, which can weaken and eventually kill them.
Western Corn Rootworm
Scientific name: Diabrotica virgifera virgifera. Larvae feed on the roots of corn plants, causing lodging and yield losses.
Fall Armyworm
Scientific name: Spodoptera frugiperda. It is known for its feeding frenzy on leaves and stems of more than 80 plant species.
Diamondback Moth
Scientific name: Plutella xylostella. Larvae feed on the leaves of cruciferous crops like cabbage and broccoli, creating holes and reducing marketability.
Citrus Psyllid
Scientific name: Diaphorina citri. This insect vectors citrus greening disease, which results in misshapen, bitter fruit and tree death.
Cotton Boll Weevil
Scientific name: Anthonomus grandis. It damages cotton buds and bolls, which can lead to significant yield loss in cotton crops.
Japanese Beetle
Scientific name: Popillia japonica. Adult beetles feed on the foliage of over 300 species of plants, skeletonizing the leaves.
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug
Scientific name: Halyomorpha halys. This bug causes damage to fruits and vegetables by piercing the skin and sucking the contents, leading to necrotic areas.
Russian Wheat Aphid
Scientific name: Diuraphis noxia. This pest targets cereal crops, curling and discoloring leaves, which leads to yield reduction.
Codling Moth
Scientific name: Cydia pomonella. The larvae bore into apples, pears, and walnuts, resulting in fruit that is unfit for sale.
Bagworm
Scientific name: Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis. Caterpillars construct protective bags and feed on the foliage of trees, which can lead to defoliation.
Leafminer
Scientific name: Liriomyza huidobrensis and other species. Larvae mine inside leaves, creating distinctive trails or blotches, which can reduce the photosynthetic area of the plant.
Silverleaf Whitefly
Scientific name: Bemisia argentifolii. These pests not only feed on plant sap but also induce silvering of leaves and are vectors for many plant diseases.
European Corn Borer
Scientific name: Ostrinia nubilalis. The larvae bore into corn stalks and ears, reducing plant vigor and yield.
Oriental Fruit Moth
Scientific name: Grapholita molesta. It attacks stone fruit trees by boring into the shoots and fruit, causing wilting and fruit drop.
Cabbage Looper
Scientific name: Trichoplusia ni. This caterpillar chews irregular-shaped holes in the leaves of cabbage, broccoli, and other related crops.
Mexican Bean Beetle
Scientific name: Epilachna varivestis. This beetle consumes bean leaf tissue, leaving behind a lace-like skeleton, and is a serious pest for legume crops.
Thrips
Scientific name: Thysanoptera order. They feed on a variety of plants by puncturing and sucking up the contents, often causing discoloration, streaks, or stippling.
Soybean Aphid
Scientific name: Aphis glycines. Aphids feed on soybean plants' sap, reducing yield, and can also vector plant viruses.
Whitefly
Scientific name: Aleyrodidae family. These tiny insects feed on plant sap and secrete honeydew, leading to sooty mold growth on plants.
Varroa Mite
Scientific name: Varroa destructor. It parasitizes honey bees by feeding on their bodily fluids, which can weaken and eventually kill colonies.
Peach Tree Borer
Scientific name: Synanthedon exitiosa. Larvae burrow into the base of stone fruit trees, which weakens and can kill young trees.
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