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Agricultural Water Management Laws
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Farm Bill - Conservation Title
Provides funding for farmers to implement conservation practices; Encourages voluntary compliance to enhance water quality and conservation.
Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)
Ensures the quality of Americans' drinking water; Requires farmers to ensure that chemicals and runoff do not contaminate local water supplies.
Prior Appropriation Water Rights
Water rights are given to the first person to take water from a source for 'beneficial use'; Impacts farmers' access to irrigation particularly in the Western US.
Endangered Species Act (ESA)
Protects endangered and threatened species and their habitats; Farmers may have to modify or limit their water usage to protect critical habitats.
Food Security Act of 1985 - Swampbuster Provisions
Discourages the conversion of wetlands to non-wetland areas; farmers must maintain conservation compliance to be eligible for federal agricultural benefits.
Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972
Amended the Clean Water Act; Set the basic structure for regulating pollutants discharges into the waters of the United States.
Riparian Water Rights
Allows landowners whose land abuts a natural watercourse to make reasonable use of it; May affect farmers with land adjacent to rivers or streams.
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)
Regulates the distribution, sale, and use of pesticides; Farmers must adhere to label instructions and may be required to obtain certification for application.
Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA)
Aimed to create sustainable management of groundwater; Requires development of Groundwater Sustainability Plans (GSPs) in California that will affect agricultural water usage.
Clean Water Act (CWA)
Regulates discharges of pollutants into US waters and quality standards for surface waters; farmers must implement practices to reduce agricultural runoff.
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