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Water Quality for Crop Production

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Magnesium (Mg)

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Acceptable range is 5 to 30 ppm. Magnesium is central in chlorophyll, and its lack can cause interveinal chlorosis.

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pH Level

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Acceptable range is 6.0 to 7.5. Above or below this can cause nutrient availability issues and metal toxicity to plants.

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Electrical Conductivity (EC)

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Acceptable range is generally 0.75 to 3 dS/m. High EC can lead to salt stress affecting crop growth and yield.

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Sodium (Na)

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Levels should be less than 50 ppm. High levels of sodium can cause toxicity and induce water stress in plants.

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Potassium (K)

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Acceptable range is 3 to 10 ppm. It's vital for plant water regulation—deficiency may cause wilting and yield reduction.

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Nitrate-Nitrogen (NO3-N)

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Acceptable range is typically 5 to 30 ppm. Excess levels may lead to excessive vegetative growth and lower fruit quality.

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Phosphorus (P)

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Acceptable range is 0.2 to 2 ppm. Deficiencies or excesses can result in stunted growth and poor fruiting.

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Calcium (Ca)

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Acceptable range is 20 to 200 ppm. Necessary for cell wall strength; deficiency can lead to blossom end rot in tomatoes.

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Bicarbonates (HCO3-)

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Acceptable range up to 1.5 meq/L. High levels can lead to nutrient imbalances and reduced availability of micronutrients.

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Iron (Fe)

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Acceptable range is 0.5 to 5 ppm. Excess iron can lead to toxicity and deficiency results in interveinal chlorosis.

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