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Infamous for her feminist critique 'Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?', which explored the institutional barriers faced by women.

An advocate for Marxist art criticism, Schapiro brought social and political analysis to the often formalist tendencies of art history and criticism.

His 'microhistory' approach to art criticism and historiography emphasizes the importance of fine detail and the necessity to look beyond grand narratives.

An influential cultural critic who approaches art with an intersectional lens, highlighting issues of race, gender, and class.

Challenges traditional notions of sculpture through her work 'Passages in Modern Sculpture', and co-founded the journal 'October' focusing on contemporary art theory.

A key figure in postcolonial theory, his work interrogates the power dynamics involved in the construction of culture and 'otherness'.

Known for his deconstructionist approach which he also applied to aesthetic theory, challenging the binary oppositions present within art criticism.

Known for her analyses of culture, art, and photography, Sontag penned the influential essay 'Against Interpretation'.

His work often addresses the role of the avant-garde within postmodern art and critiques the commodification and institutionalization of art.

Advocated for formalism and purity in art, emphasized medium specificity, and was a key supporter of abstract expressionism.

Developed the concept of the 'Artworld', whereby art is defined not so much by material properties, but by the cultural context that embraces it as art.

Coined the term 'pictorial turn' to describe the post-linguistic, visual-centric period of culture, and analyzes the interplay between images and society.

Focuses on the Latin American contemporary art scene, offering critiques that incorporate globalization, memory, and urban studies.

Best known for his seminal work 'Ways of Seeing', which questioned traditional Western cultural aesthetics and the mystification of artists.

Incorporates psychoanalytic and semiotic theory to explore the realm of textuality and subjectivity in language and art.

Developed a symbolic and cognitive approach to aesthetics, considering art as a form of symbolic communication.

Known for his Marxist perspective on art, Clark focuses on the social and political contexts of paintings, particularly those of the modern period.

A pioneer in the field of iconography and the symbolic interpretation of art. He believed that meaning in art could be deciphered through analyzing symbols, motifs, and historical context.

An art critic who promotes the pleasure of looking at art, contending that the experience of beauty is a crucial aspect of art criticism.

Her work often revolves around feminist art, the dematerialization of the art object, and activism within the art community.

Coined the term 'Action Painting' for the work of Abstract Expressionists, considering the canvas as 'an arena in which to act'.

Introduced semiotics to art criticism, emphasizing the role of the viewer in defining the meaning of a work of art with his theory of 'Death of the Author'.

A prominent American art critic known for his psychoanalytic approach to modern and contemporary art, advocating for 'New Old Master' artists over what he sees as the commodification of art.

His aesthetics propose that art expresses and identifies the spirit (geist) of cultures, and that art progresses historically in a dialectical manner.