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Expressionism and Its Pioneers
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Edvard Munch
Emotional and psychological themes, vivid colors, Symbolist influence, his work 'The Scream' epitomizes Expressionist themes.
Die Brücke
German Expressionist group, direct and raw emotional experience, bold colors, strong lines.
Der Blaue Reiter
German Expressionist group, spiritual and symbolic meanings, abstract tendencies, Kandinsky was a key member.
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
Distinctive and vivid palette, angst and eroticism, leading figure in Die Brücke.
Wassily Kandinsky
Pioneer of abstract art, synesthesia inspired works, spiritual ideology and inner impulse.
Emil Nolde
Vibrant colors, dramatic brushwork, explored primitivism themes, part of Die Brücke.
Egon Schiele
Intense emotional expression, raw sexuality, elongated figures, protege of Gustav Klimt.
Franz Marc
Use of primary colors, focus on animals as subjects, symbolic and spiritual aspirations, co-founder of Der Blaue Reiter.
August Macke
Bright, harmonious colors, influence of Fauvism, died early in World War I.
Expressionist Architecture
Dramatic, unusual forms, emotional impact, use of new materials and structural innovation.
Abstract Expressionism
Post World War II art movement, emphasis on spontaneous or subconscious creation, influence on modern art.
Max Beckmann
Large scale figurative paintings, symbolic imagery, themes of the human condition, triptychs.
Oskar Kokoschka
Emotionally intense portraits and landscapes, gesture-filled brushstrokes, one of the leading figures of the Viennese Expressionism.
Käthe Kollwitz
Expressionist printmaker and sculptor, evocative reflections on human suffering and war, social activism.
Fritz Lang
Expressionism in film, stark shadowing and angular framing, famous for the movie 'Metropolis'.
Paul Klee
Incorporated Expressionism, Cubism, and Surrealism, playful and whimsical style, use of symbolic and simple shapes.
Alfred Kubin
Fantastical and nightmarish illustrations, pen and ink drawings, psychological depth.
Marc Chagall
Dreamlike imagery, personal folklore and Hasidic themes, use of vivid color.
Fauvism
Early 20th-century movement with an emphasis on painterly qualities and strong colors, a precursor to Expressionism.
Gabriele Münter
Bold color palette, heavy outlines, part of Der Blaue Reiter, known for her landscape and still life works.
Otto Dix
Critique of social decadence post World War I, realistic depictions of war, elements of Dada and New Objectivity.
George Grosz
Dada and New Objectivity impact, satirical drawings of Berlin life, critical view of social corruption and political chaos.
New Objectivity
Post-Expressionist movement, return to unsentimental reality and figurative art, opposed to the abstract and romantic nature of Expressionism.
Ernst Barlach
Sculptor and printmaker with a focus on the suffering of humanity and a rustic, heavy style.
Christian Rohlfs
Watercolors and printmaking, late conversion to Expressionism, dynamic use of color and form.
Erich Heckel
Co-founder of Die Brücke, emotional and vivid depictions of figures and landscapes, woodcut techniques.
Lyonel Feininger
Combination of Cubist and Futurist methods, use of crystalline and fragmented forms, master of the woodcut.
Blauer Reiter Almanac
A collection of essays, illustrations, and musical scores, reflects the thoughts and standards of the Der Blaue Reiter movement.
Lovis Corinth
Maturity leading towards Expressionism, painterly brushwork, mature works depicted landscapes, nudes, and portraiture with a raw edge.
Karl Schmidt-Rottluff
Co-founder of Die Brücke, vibrant and moody landscapes, expressive use of color and form.
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