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The Evolution of Landscape Painting
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Caspar David Friedrich - Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
Artistic significance: Symbolizes the Romantic era's focus on the sublime in nature. Era: Romanticism
Thomas Gainsborough - Mr. and Mrs. Andrews
Artistic significance: Portrait within a detailed landscape, combining two genres. Era: Rococo
John Constable - The Hay Wain
Artistic significance: Realistic portrayal of the English countryside. Era: Romanticism
Vincent van Gogh - Wheatfield with Crows
Artistic significance: Expressive emotional power and bold colors, indicative of Van Gogh's style. Era: Post-Impressionism
Paul Cézanne - Mont Sainte-Victoire
Artistic significance: Strong geometrical structuring, heralding the development of Cubism. Era: Post-Impressionism
Jacob van Ruisdael - View of Haarlem with Bleaching Fields
Artistic significance: Demonstrates Dutch Golden Age landscape painting. Era: Baroque
Leonardo da Vinci - Mona Lisa
Artistic significance: Early example of aerial perspective in landscape. Era: High Renaissance
Alfred Sisley - The Bridge at Villeneuve-la-Garenne
Artistic significance: Captures the atmosphere and play of light, typical of Impressionist landscapes. Era: Impressionism
Thomas Cole - The Oxbow
Artistic significance: Manifest Destiny and the American wilderness as sublime. Era: Hudson River School (American Romanticism)
Claude Monet - Impression, Sunrise
Artistic significance: Gave the Impressionist movement its name. Era: Impressionism
Jean-François Millet - The Gleaners
Artistic significance: Emphasizes the life of peasants interacting with the landscape. Era: Realism
Albert Bierstadt - Among the Sierra Nevada, California
Artistic significance: Romanticized and dramatic portrayal of the American West. Era: Hudson River School (American Romanticism)
Andrew Wyeth - Christina's World
Artistic significance: Realist style evoking emotion and storytelling within a landscape. Era: American Realism
Claude Lorrain - Pastoral Landscape
Artistic significance: Idealized natural scenes with classical references. Era: Baroque
Édouard Manet - The Railway
Artistic significance: Blends urban landscape with modern life. Era: Impressionism
Frederic Edwin Church - Niagara Falls
Artistic significance: Captures the majesty and power of America's landscapes. Era: Hudson River School (American Romanticism)
Albrecht Altdorfer - Danube Landscape near Regensburg
Artistic significance: One of the earliest pure landscape paintings. Era: Renaissance
Grant Wood - American Gothic
Artistic significance: Combines a rural American scene with portraiture in a Regionalist style. Era: American Regionalism
J.M.W. Turner - The Fighting Temeraire
Artistic significance: Expressive use of color and light prefiguring Impressionism. Era: Romanticism
Camille Corot - View from the Farnese Gardens
Artistic significance: Bridge between Neoclassical and Impressionist landscape painting. Era: Realism
Henri Rousseau - The Dream
Artistic significance: Naïve art style depicting a vibrant, dream-like jungle scene. Era: Post-Impressionism
George Inness - The Lackawanna Valley
Artistic significance: Integrates industrial America into the idyllic landscape. Era: Hudson River School (American Romanticism)
Richard Long - A Line Made by Walking
Artistic significance: Land art reflecting the relationship between the conceptual framework of art and the environment. Era: Contemporary (Land Art)
Ansel Adams - Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico
Artistic significance: Not a painting, but a photographic landscape emphasizing the beauty of the American West. Era: Modern American Photography
Pieter Bruegel the Elder - Hunters in the Snow
Artistic significance: One of the most famous winter landscapes in Western art. Era: Renaissance (Northern Renaissance)
Ivan Shishkin - Morning in a Pine Forest
Artistic significance: Realistic and detailed representation of Russian forests. Era: Realism (Russian)
Tom Thomson - The Jack Pine
Artistic significance: Key precursor to the Canadian Group of Seven, characterized by bold color and form. Era: Canadian Modernism
Hiroshige - The Great Wave off Kanagawa
Artistic significance: Ukiyo-e print that influentially depicts the power of nature with Mount Fuji in the background. Era: Edo Period (Japan)
Wassily Kandinsky - Landscape with Two Poplars
Artistic significance: A bridge between representational art and Kandinsky's move towards abstraction. Era: Expressionism
L.S. Lowry - Industrial Landscape
Artistic significance: Stylized representation of the urban and industrial landscape of Northern England. Era: British Modernism
Andy Goldsworthy - Rivers and Tides
Artistic significance: Land art created using natural materials, highlighting the ephemeral nature of art and life. Era: Contemporary (Land Art)
David Hockney - A Bigger Splash
Artistic significance: Pop art approach to California's modernist landscape. Era: Contemporary Art (Pop Art)
John Singer Sargent - Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose
Artistic significance: Luminous depiction of two girls lighting lanterns at dusk. Era: American Impressionism
Georgia O'Keeffe - Black Mesa Landscape, New Mexico / Out Back of Marie's II
Artistic significance: Panoramic view that abstracts the American Southwest landscape. Era: American Modernism
Maynard Dixon - Cloud World
Artistic significance: Portrays the vastness and spirituality of the American West landscape. Era: American Modernism
Gustav Klimt - The Kiss
Artistic significance: Stylized, decorative portrayals of figures entwined with natural forms. Era: Art Nouveau
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